必修三(3,2)
not,从宾语从句的谓语动词的前面,转移到了主句谓语动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,seem, appear, 等的前面,即否定前移。
对不起,我想我并不认识你。I'm sorry,but I don't think I know you,
我想他是不会来的。I don't believe he'll come,
我想你没遇见小新,对吗?I don't think you've met Xiao Xin,have you?,
你没遇见小新,对吗?You haven't met Xiao Xin, have you ?,
not, because或者not, because of, not,从because,或者because of,的前面转移到了主句或整个句子的谓语动词的前面。
他并不只是因为亚里士多德说过某事如何如何,就轻易相信它。He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so,
我不是因为下着雨才带雨衣的。I didn't take a raincoat because it was raining,
not,+动词不定式或介词短语 将否定后面不定式的not,转移到了谓语动词上。
杰克看来不喜欢你。Jack does not seem to like you,
Jack seems not to like you,
他把男孩从铁轨上抱到安全地带,不是为了获得个人的名誉,而是为了孩子的父母。He didn't take the boy from the tracks to safety to win his own fame,but to benefit the boy's parents,
他不是乘火车来的。He didn't come here by train,
不知道;永远不会知道never know,
我非常感激你对我无微不至的关心和最温暖的支持。You never know how indebted I am for your kindest care and your warmest support,
当动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,的主语是第一人称、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。
我认为他会帮助我们。 I think that he will help us,
我认为他不会帮助我们。I don't think that he will help us,
我认为他对。 I believe that he is right,
我认为他不对。I don't believe that he is right,
我想他喜欢它。I suppose that he likes it,
我想他不喜欢它。I don't suppose that he likes it,
我认为数学很难。 I think math difficult,
我认为数学不难。I don't think math difficult,
我觉得这个故事很有趣。 I find the story interesting,
我认为这个故事无趣。I don't find the story interesting,
我希望如此。 I expect so,
我认为不会。I don't expect so,
我们别在这里谈吧。Let's not talk about it here,
不要在阳光下看书。Don't read in the sun,
不要口里含着食物说话。Don't talk with your mouth full of food,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,不用否定前移。
我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。I believe and hope he won't do that,
我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。I feel and admit that we are not foolish,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,用于疑问句时,不用否定前移。
你认为天不会下雨吗?Do you think it is not going to rain?,
难道你不相信他做了一件好事?Don't you believe that he has done a good thing?,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,用作插入语时,不用否定前移。
我想李蕾不会生你的气。Li Lei, I think, won't be angry with you,
我猜想汤姆不会反对。Tom, I suppose, won't be against it,
我认为迈克没有看这场电影。Mike, I believe, hasn't seen the film,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,动词前有其他副词修饰时,不用否定前移。
我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。I really think it's not necessary for us to go there now,
我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。I feel strongly that he shouldn't do such a thing,
动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,不用否定前移。
我原以为他不会回来得这么快。I thought that he wouldn't come back soon,
他认为他不适合这件工作。He thinks that he isn't fit for the job,
他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。He doesn't believe that what we told him is true,
她不相信他变成了一个好孩子。She didn't believe that he became a good boy,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,当宾语从句中含的否定为not, at all, not a little, not a few, not enough, can't help,等固定搭配时 不用否定前移。
我想他对那一点也不知道。I think that he doesn't know it at all,
我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well,
我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。I believe that you can't help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games,
think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel,当宾语从句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few,等否定词或半否词时,不用否定前移。
我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。I believe that nothing can make me give it up,
我认为,如果这艘船沉入海中的话,那么谁也逃不掉。I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea,
我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。I suppose that he is a man of few words,
在带宾语从句的复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine,等表示"观点、信念、推测"等心理活动的动词时,否定谓语从句的not,往往转移到主句,成为"形式否定主句,意义否定从句",这种语法现象就叫做否定转移。
我认为他今天下午不会来。I don't think he will come this afternoon,
很遗憾,我并不认识你。I don't believe I have the pleasure of knowing you,
我猜他们还没有结婚。I don't guess that they have got married,
我料想他们还没有完成工作。I don't expect they have finished the work,
我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。I don't suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad,
我觉得你不应该去。I don't feel you should go,
我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。I didn't imagine that Tom would help her,
主句中的谓语动词若与情态动词或状语连用,不转移否定。
我真不敢相信他们结婚了。I can't believe that they are married,
我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。We can't believe that he turns an honest penny,
你不可以认为他是一个诚实的人。You mustn't think he's an honest person,
我并不认为他们是幸福的。I didn't ever suppose that they were happy,
can't,和couldn't,带有否定转移的含义。
她似乎不能做这件事。She can't seem to do it,
She seems not to be able to do it,
当think,用在疑问句中时,不转移否定。
你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢?Why do you think I can't change your note?,
由knew, fear, mean, I am afraid,等动词形式构成的宾语从句中,其否定词not,通常不进行否定转移。当然,这并不是说否定词not,不能否定以上动词形式,而是说否定宾语从句和否定主句谓语动词的意思不同。
他知道你不会出卖他。He knew you wouldn't tell on him,
他没想到你竟会出卖他。He didn't know you should tell on him,
我是说你做得不对。I mean you didn't do it right,
我并不是说你做的对。I don't mean you did it right,
恐怕他不会以死来威胁我。I am afraid that he won't threaten me with death,
我不怕他以死来威胁我。I am not afraid that he will threaten me with death,
动词hope,不可进行否定转移。
我希望天不下雪。I hope it won't snow,
我希望她不会讨厌这些花。I hope she doesn't dislike the flowers,
宾语从句中有固定短语,如can't help, not at all, not only, but also,等。不用否定前移。
我认为,人们看到时会禁不住大笑。I think everybody can't help laughing if they see it,
我认为,她不仅漂亮,而且善良。I think she is not only beautiful but also kind,
宾语从句中not,与just, enough, quite, much,等副词连用。不用否定前移。
我认为,你们对这一点并不能完全肯定。I think you are not quite sure about it,
我觉得,她不怎么像她的母亲。I think she's not much like her mother,
宾语从句中含有no, nothing, never, nobody,等。不用否定前移。
我认为,她从未去过那里。I think she has never been there,
think,本身有其他词修饰或与其他动词构成并列谓语。不用否定前移。
我有时认为他并不诚实。I sometimes think he is not an honest man,
我的确认为你不该伤害她。I do think you shouldn't hurt her,
我认为,也希望,我不太打扰你。I think and hope that I'm not disturbing you so much,
think,以过去时、完成时等出现,可用否定前移,也可以不用否定前移。
我在想他不会成功。I was thinking that he wouldn't succeed,
我原以为你不会与她结婚。I thought you didn't marry her,
我原以为他不会来呢。I had thought he wouldn't come,
我认为他不会成功,I think he won't succeed,
I don't think he will succeed,
我想,这个人不会伤害我。I don't think this man would want to hurt me,
think,的主语不是I,或we,而是其它人称,不用否定前移。
他们认为她不会来。They think she will not come,
我认为他不会成功。I don't think he will succeed,
我认为他不会成功。I think he won't succeed,
在中国,许多人不认为4是个吉祥的数字。In China, a lot of people don't think 4 is a lucky number,
在not, because, 结构中,如果否定词否定的是由because,引导的整个状语从句,则把not,前移到主句的谓语动词上,且不用逗号将其隔开,并不是因为
他并不是因为喜欢那部电影才去看的。He didn't go to see the film because he liked it,
not, because,如果用逗号将其隔开,则not,否定的是其后的谓语动词。
他昨天并没有去看电影,因为他病了。He didn't go to see the film yesterday, because he was ill,
当happen,或者used to,或者seem,等词后加动词不定式构成复合谓语时,如果不定式是表否定含义,则把not,前移到这些词的前面,构成"not, +happen,或者 used to,或者seem,
这个消息好像并不是真的。The news didn't seem to be true,
在appear,或者feel like,或者seem,或者look,或者feel,或者sound,+as if,+从句"结构中,从句的否定词常移到这些动词或短语的前面。
他看起来并不像一个中国人。It doesn't look as if he is a Chinese,
听起来他好像不知道刚才所发生的事情。It doesn't sound as if he knew what had happened,
当由until作为连词或介词所引导的时间状语从句或短语中含有否定词时,常转移到主句谓语动词中,构成"not, until,"结构。
他每晚直到11点才睡觉。He doesn't go to bed until eleven every night,
在It,+ is, 或者was,+ likely,或者probably ,+从句中,如果从句中用了否定结构,则把否定词转移到主句的谓语动词中。
看起来明天不会下雨。It isn't likely that it will rain tomorrow,
他今天也许不会来这里了。It isn't probable that he will come here today,
在一些部分否定中,也可将否定谓语动词的否定词转移到主语上。
并不是所有的人都知道事情的真相。Not all the people knew the truth,
All the people didn't know the truth,
在一些句子中,句子形式上是否定动词,而实际上是否定状语部分。
不要以貌取人。Don't judge a man by his appearance,
他不是步行去上学,而是坐公共汽车。He doesn't go to school by bus but on foot,
突然大受欢迎,迅速流行 脱掉; 起飞; (使)离开; 突然成功take off,
在一定程度上to a certain extent,
掌握(信息),熟悉、精通(知识等),了如指掌at one's fingertips,
使显示在计算机屏幕上,调出;提出bring up,
最重要的是,尤其是above all else,
属于,归 所有belong to,
创建,建立set up,
全神贯注看着某物,离某物很近be glued to something,
飞驰而过shoot past,
撞倒某人,使某人双脚离地knock somebody off one's feet,
全神贯注,沉浸于be lost in,
减少,削减cut back on,
跨越障碍,连接文化cross barriers and connect cultures,
一篇博客(帖子)a blog post,
举行辩论hold a debate,
网络发展中重要的里程碑important milestones in the development of the Internet,
发送电子邮件send an email,
测试消息a test message,
发信息send a message,
把 和 分离开来separate, from,
用户名the user name,
剑桥大学the University of Cambridge,
咖啡壶a coffee pot,