未来城市The City of the Future,

 未来的城市会是什么样子呢？ What will the city of the future look like?,

 没有人确切的了解，预测也是一件有风险的事情。No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business,

 但是有一件事情是可以肯定的， 他们将会先变大，然后再变小。 But one thing is certain, they are going to get bigger before they get smaller,

 在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out,

 我们将会使用大量的可回收材料，例如，塑料、铝、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。我们浪费自然资源的程度将会有所减弱。We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources,

 我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。例如，太阳能和风能。 We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power,

 所有的这些似乎是肯定的，但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain,

 为了获知年轻人对未来城市生活的想法，美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生思考如何管理一个在2025 年拥有5万人口的城市， To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of fifty thousand people in the year twenty twenty-five,

下面是他们的一些构想Here are some of the ideas they had,

 垃圾船:为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳输送，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境问题。Garbage ships, To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems,

 勤务兵网,警察逮捕罪犯时，将会向罪犯射出网状物而不是用枪。Batman Nets, Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns,

 戒烟,在未来城市范围内将禁止吸烟。只有在郊区和户外才允许吸烟。Forget smoking, No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits, Smoking will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors,

 告别商厦:将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。Forget the malls, In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders,

 电话人生,每个人一出生就会给予一个电话号码，将来无论他们居住在哪儿，这个电话号码都不会更改。Telephones for life, Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change, no matter where they live,

 娱乐,所有的娱乐形式，例如，电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等都将由该市政府免费提供。 Recreation, All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city,

 汽车,所有的汽车部将由电能、太阳能或风能提供动力，并且只要轻轻按一下开关就能够改变汽车的颜色。Cars, All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch,

 远程手术,随着每个城市拥有自己的远程手术门诊部，医生将能在数千里以外实施手术，远程手术将会变得十分普通。Tele-surgery, Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own tele-surgery outpatient clinic,

 居家度假,年长的市民和残疾人通过使用绑在头上的高新技术相机可以周游世界。Holidays at home, Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head,

太空邀游,普通市民遨游太空将会变得很平常，每个城市都将有自己的太空港。Space travel, Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common, Each city will have its own spaceport,

 将来 in the future,

 照顾；关心 care for,

 大量的 plenty of,

考虑think about,

 代替 instead of,

能够 be able to,

连接到；附属于 attach to,

发生意外；出事故 have an accident,

开始 for a start,

 在路上 on the way out,

一些a few of,

由 制成 be made of,

扔掉；丢弃 throw away,

确定 for sure,

排列顺序place an order,

 替换的，可供选择的（二者中）选择其一的alternative,

 替代能源  alternative energy,

 可供选择的方法alternative ways,

 除  别无选择have no alternative but to do,

 作为一种变通的方法  as an alternative,

   的替代物alternative to,

 强调必须从两或多个中选一个alternative,

 强调自由选择，不论选择的方式多或少choice,

 强调按自己喜欢的方式进行选择preference,

 用完；耗尽run out,

 追求；追赶run after,

 冲向；突袭run at,

 逃走；逃跑run away,

 偶然遇见；撞上；陷入run into,

 依赖，依靠rely on,

rely upon,

 指望某人做某事rely on somebody to do something,

  相信   指望  rely on it that,

 强调凭借经验判断是否可以相信或依赖，侧重于从人品、感情方面的依赖、信赖。rely on,

 强调从这个人或这件事中很可能得到支持或帮助。侧重客观事实，如：能力、财力等。depend on,

 命令；指挥command,

 服从某人指挥；听某人吩咐at one's command,

 在某人的指挥下under one's command,

  指挥；控制in command of,

 精通have a good command of,

 控制自己command oneself,

 命令某人做某事command somebody to do something,

command that,+主语+ should do,或者command that,+主语+do,命令 (从句谓语动词用虚拟语气)

 免费free of charge,

 免费free of charge,

for free,

 某物的费用the charge for something,

 收取某人多少钱charge somebody money,

 负责；掌管in charge of,

 由 负责，掌管in the charge of,

 负责；掌管take charge of,

 因  控告某人charge somebody with,

 向某人索要某物charge somebody for something,

 实施；执行carry out,

 实施计划carry out a plan,

 履行诺言carry out a promise,

 进行调查carry out an order,

 并非所有  都all,  not,

 not all,

 并非每一个  都every,   not,  

not every,

并非两者都both,  not,  

not both,

为了摆脱掉垃圾问题，城市会在大宇宙飞船上装满垃圾，然后把它们朝着太阳发射出去，从而避免了垃圾填埋和环境问题。To get rid of garbage problem, the city will load huge spaceship with materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environment problems,

To get rid of garbage problems,是不定式短语作状语，表示目的；Preventing, 是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。

小孩子们跑到我的面前，迫使我父亲突然把轮椅停住。Little kids ran in front of me, forcing my father to stop the wheelchair suddenly,

forcing, 在这作状语，表示结果。

will, 和 be going to, 两者均可用来表示将来的意图，be going to,结构语义稍强些。

他们想将来某一天去爬珠穆朗玛峰。They are going to climb the Qomolangma one day,

对于事先经过考虑的打算、计划、意图, 应使用be going to, 而不是will, 结构。

下星期天你打算干什么？What are you going to do next Sunday?,

 我打算去钓鱼。I'm going to go fishing,

对于未经过考虑的打算，计划，只是临时之意，则用will, 结构，不用be going to, 结构。

电话号码簿在哪儿？我去给你拿。Where is the telephone book?,I'll go and get it for you,

我去接电话。I'll answer the telephone,

 我去火车站接他。I'm going to meet him at the railway station,

在表示即将发生某事时，will, 和 be going to, 两者区别意义不大，多可互换。

 就要发生什么事？What is going to happen?,

 将要发生什么事？What will happen?,

一般说来，be going to, 表示较近的将来，而will, 则表示较远的将来。

 今晚要下雪。It is going to snow tonight,

 几天后将有一场大风。There will be a strong wind in a few days,

表示不受人的主观意愿影响的单纯将来， 一般只能用will,结构。

 明天是愚人节。Tomorrow will be April Fools' Day,

在正式的通知（如新闻媒体公布的官方消息，气象预报等）中用will,结构。

淮河以南将有大雨。There will be a heavy rain to the south of Huai River,

武汉阴，气温十八到二十八摄氏度。Wuhan will be cloudy with the temperature from eighteen to twenty-eight,

在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will,

如果有野兽向你扑来，我会留在你身边帮助你。If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help you,

他不来，我就不去。I won't go if he doesn't come,

be going to,往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will,多表示意愿，决心。两者有时不能互换。

她正努力学习并尝试参加考试。She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams,

表示有迹象表明要发生某事，只用be going to, 不用will,。

瞧瞧这些云，暴风雨又要来了。Look at the clouds, it's going to be another storm,

主将从现，时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。

被称作，命名为be named,

be called,

 以 命名be named after,

 保持纪录hold the record,

 上大学attend the university,

 赢得冠军win the championship,

 一个接一个one after another,

 很高兴去做be delighted to do,

 对 感到紧张feel nervous about,

 对  感到失望be disappointed with,

  和 一样the same as,

 抚养，养大bring up,

 回应in reply to,

 全神贯注于 be absorbed in,

 取得 的控制权obtain control of,

 掌管，接管 take possession of,

广告也是使人们意识到其他人的需要和他们所面临的危险的一种好办法。They are also a good way to make people aware of the needs of others and the dangers around them,

 知道的，明白的，意识到的aware,

意识到  be aware of,

意识到  be aware that,

使某人意识到  make somebody aware of,

你知道是什么时候了吗?Are you aware of the time?,

你知道你儿子在校学习有困难吗?Are you aware that your son is having difficulties at school?,

你应该让他明白他的行为所造成的后果。You should make him aware of the effects of his actions,

 意识，认识  awareness,

 不知道，没意识到unaware,

我对广告做了一些研究，有一些非常重要的信息同大家分享。I did some research on advertisements, and have some very important information to share with you,

 分享，分担，共同使用share,

和某人分享某物share something with somebody,

我们彼此分担忧愁，分享快乐。We have shared our sorrows as well as joys with each other,

 一份；份额share,

在  之间分配share something between,

share something among,

 某人在  的份额one's share of,

one's share in,

 在  出一份力；参加  have a share in,

均分，分摊go shares,

如果你想得到一份报酬，就得做好你该分担的那一份工作。If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your share of the work,

孩子们应可参与决定他们学习哪些课程。Children should have a share in deciding which subjects they study,