机器人由计算机编程和控制。Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer,

选择一个，并准备简单地告诉全班。Choose one and be prepared to tell the class about it briefly,

它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔测试。 It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire,

克莱尔不想让机器人出现在家里，尤其是因为她的丈夫将缺席三周，但拉里说服她，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。 Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed,

克莱尔认为机器人给予同情是荒谬的。 Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot,

荒唐的 ; 荒谬的 ; 愚蠢的ridiculous,

为做  准备好。be prepared to,

这本书得到了公认，第一天就卖光了。The book was received so eagerly that it was sold out on the first day,

要求课本及时到达。 Textbooks are required to come in time,

我妹妹想去那家尚在修建的发电厂工作。 My sister wants to work in a power plant which is still being built,

到明年五月末为止，这项任务就已经完成了。 By the end of next May this task will have been finished,

 到  末为止，by the end of,

这条铁路去年末已经完工了。 The railway had been completed by the end of last year,

在一场风暴中迷路后，一名海军队员在四天后获救。 After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was rescued four days later,

去年那所学校有十多名学生被派往国外学习医学。 More than a dozen students in that school were sent abroad to study medicine last year,

早在第二次世界大战之前，美国和欧洲就已经进行了此类实验。 Experiments of this kind had been conducted in both the U S and Europe well before the Second World War,

所有到这个村子来的游客都受到了友善的对待。 All visitors to this village are treated with kindness,

非经许可，勿入控制室。The control room may not be entered without permission,

这个问题不打算在会上讨论。The problem is not going to be discussed at the meeting,

这样的坏习惯应该戒除。Such a bad habit should be got rid of,

我的汽车有人动过。　My car has been moved,

如果你违犯了学校的纪律，你会受惩罚的。If you break the school rules, you will be punished,

人们都相信他发明了电脑。He is believed to have invented the computer,

广告随处可见。Advertisements are seen everywhere,

那个名人上了公交车，立刻被人们认了出来。The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people,

肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。I was shown round the campus by Sean, who had entered the school just a year before,

我写信是想告诉你我们讨论过的公园是否应该收取入场费的问题。I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks,

百分之六十的学生认为，在进入公园之前不应该购买门票，因为公园是公众空闲时可以去的地方。Sixty students out of one hundred think that an entrance ticket should not be bought before one enters a park, for it is a place for the public to go to when they are free,

如果必须买票，就必须为公园建造大门和围墙，这会使城市看起来很丑陋。If a ticket must be bought, a gate and walls have to be built for a park, which will make a city look ugly,

百分之四十的学生认为在进入公园之前应该支付入场费，但票价应该合理。Forty students out of one hundred think that an entrance fee should be paid before one enters a park, but that the price of the ticket should be reasonable,

售票所得的钱可以用来支付园艺工人的工资和购买各种花木。Money that is got from ticket selling can be used to pay the gardening workers and buy different kinds of flowers and trees,

至于我自己，我真的认为公园是周末和节假日去的好地方。As for myself, I really think parks are good places to go to at weekends and on holidays,

同时，作为游客，我们进入公园时应该支付入场费。毕竟，要保持公园良好的运行状态需要很多钱。At the same time, we, as visitors, should pay the entrance fee when we enter a park, After all, it takes a lot of money to maintain a park in good working order,

敬上，我，鄙人。Yours truly,

安没得到这份工作。Ann wasn't offered the job,

这项诺贝尔奖授予乔治·索罗斯了。The Nobel Prize was awarded to George Soros,

使役动词have,或者 make,及感官动词see,或者, watch,或者, notice,或者, hear,或者, feel,或者, observe,等后面不定式作宾语补足语时，主动结构中不定式to,要省略，但在被动结构时，要加to,。

有人看见一个陌生人走进了楼。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building,

A stranger was seen to walk into the building,

她被迫再次擦了地板。She is made to clean the floor again,

使役动词get,在主动句中也接带to,的不定式作宾语补足语。

我们必须劝他去找医生看看。We have to get him to see a doctor,

let,后只有一个单音节动词，在被动语态中可用不带to 的不定式。

他们让陌生人走了。They let the stranger go,

陌生人被放走了。The stranger was let go,

若let, 后宾语补足语较长时，let, 通常不用被动语态，而用allow,或permit,等代替。

在医院里护士允许我去看了我的同学。The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital,

在医院里我被允许去看了我的同学。I was allowed to see my classmate in the hospital,

I was permitted to see my classmate in the hospital,

be,＋过去分词 结构并不都是被动语态，也可能是系表结构。区别是：被动结构表示一个动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态。

敌人不久就被我们包围了。The enemy was soon surrounded by us,

那座房子周边都是树。The house is surrounded by trees,

在黑暗中，她被那只狗咬了。She was bitten by the dog in the darkness,

听到我丈夫升职了，我很兴奋。I was excited by the news that my husband got promoted,

 决心be determined,

 感到高兴be pleased,

毕业于be graduated from,

 完成be finished,

 准备好be prepared for,

 忙于be occupied in,

被占用。be occupied,

在被动句中，get,常可以代替be,   get,多用在口语中，有时表示行为不是计划之中，而是意外发生的。

酒馆里发生了打斗，幸好无人受伤。There was a fight at the pub, but fortunately nobody got hurt,

There was a fight at the pub, but fortunately nobody was hurt,

狗被汽车辗死了。The dog got run over by a car,

受邀参加这个仪式很荣幸。It's an honour to be invited to the ceremony,

她不喜欢被当孩子对待。She didn't like to be treated as a child,

他的梦想是被录取进入一所好大学。His dream was to be admitted to a good university,

有许多事情要讨论。There are a lot of things to be discussed,

她被派到那里接受航空飞行的训练。She was sent there to be trained for the space flight,

to be done,表示动词不定式的动作在谓语动词之后或同时发生。

to have been done, 表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。

她宁愿已经分给她更重要的工作了。She preferred to have been given more important work to do,

这些书和杂志不许带出阅览室。The books and magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room,

军官命令把这个人带到隔壁房间。The officer ordered the man to be taken to the next room,

 谁是第一个到的？Who was the first one to arrive?,

我很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。It is an honor for me to be invited to speak here,

这位年轻的妈妈要照看五个孩子。The young mother has five children to take care of,

给他些书看。Give him some books to read,

我迷路的时候不知道找谁帮忙。I had no idea who to turn to for help the time I was lost,

动词，blame, let , rent, seek,等的不定式与be,连用时。不定式主动式表示被动式

此房出租。The house is to rent,

我感觉这次自行车事故该怪我。I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident,

理由不难找到。The reason is not far to seek,

当不定式隐含表示泛指的for +me,或者us,或者you,或者people,+ to do,结构时。不用被动式

要做重要的事是离开家时要锁门。The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house,

 在 too,  to do, 或者 enough,  to, 结构中。不用被动式

这道题很难做出来。The problem is too difficult to work out,

这座房子够大，可以住。The house is big enough to live in,

 在there be，结构中。不用被动式

没有时间可以失去了。There is no time to lose,

他希望这封信立即打印出来。 He wanted the letter to be typed at once,

这是第一个由中国工程师设计的此类项目。 It is the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers,

截至昨天八点，已有十名士兵在冲突中丧生。 Ten soldiers had been killed in the conflict by eight o'clock yesterday,

他会指引你正确的道路。 He'll show you the right path to take,

他说他将被派去那里参加下周五的一个重要会议。 He said he was to be sent there to attend an important meeting next Friday,

He said he was to be sent there to attend an important meeting next Friday, 从said,和next Friday,可知send,应该用过去将来时，因为已经给了was,，所以可以用was to be sent,表示过去将来和被动。

一定要让你母亲知道一切真相。看看她的脸。她似乎被告知了一切。Do let your mother know all the truth, Look at her face, She appears to have been told everything,

这个问题现在正在会议室讨论。让我们等待结果吧。 The problem is being discussed in the meeting room now, Let's just wait for the result,

他匆忙赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。 He hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left,

她正忙着准备下个月举行的考试。 She is busy preparing for the exams to be held next month,

昨晚雪下得很大，峨眉山上一定下了很多雪，没有，我们发现了一点雪，因为大部分似乎都被吹走了。It snowed heavily last night and there must be a lot of snow on Emei Mountain, No, we found a little snow, as most of it seemed to have been blown away,

据说他们在医院里受到良好的照顾。They are said to be well cared for in the hospital,

They are said to be well looked after in the hospital,

They are said to be taken good cared of in the hospital,

这个问题不容易回答。This question is not easy to answer,

这场火灾应该由谁来负责?Who is to blame for starting the fire?,

该怪谁，由谁来负责Who is to blame?,

有这么多的问题需要处理，你的日子一定不会轻松的。With so many questions to deal with, you must have a hard time,

我们当然不愿意看到我们的建议被否决。Of course we would not like our proposal to be cut off,

Of course we would not like our proposal to be turned down,

Of course we would not like our proposal to be canceled,

能量饮料不允许在澳大利亚生产，但可从新西兰进口。Energy drinks are not allowed to be made in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand,

人们花了很长时间才把体温和疾病联系起来。It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness to be made,

当地健康组织The local health organization,

有人拿走了我的伞。我从没想过它会被返回。Someone took away my umbrella,I'd never expect it to be returned,

 应该做某事。be supposed to do,

 正要做；be about to do,

可能做；be likely to do,

 确定，肯定做某事。be certain to do,

许多人站在公共汽车站附近，紧张地等待接车。Many people stood near the bus stop, nervously waiting to be picked up,

我已经听说乔治不喜欢被人等着，所以尽管我没有穿合适的衣服，我还是跟在他后面。 I had already heard that George didn't like being kept waiting, so even though I didn't have the right clothes on, I raced after him,

当我们走近时，我看到一头鲸鱼正被一群大约六个杀手袭击。 As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers,

鲸鱼受了重伤，很快就死了。 Being badly wounded, the whale soon died,

我看得出他害怕被我们抛弃。 I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us,

几分钟后，汤姆不在那里了，于是乔治开始用桨拍打水面，汤姆就在那里，绕回到船上，再次带领我们去打猎。 A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again,

绕回来，返回。circle back,

不及物动词词组take place,或者，happen,或者，come about, (发生)；break out, (爆发)，appear, (出现)，disappear, (消失)，break down, (出故障), come out, (出来，出版), run out, (用光), give out, (用光), last, (持续)，arise, (引起) 等。不用被动式

晚上发生了大火。 A fire broke out during the night,

有需要时就用这个钱。 Use this money when the need arises,

煤气用光了。 The gas has run out,

书两周后出版。 The book will come out in two weeks,

表示主语的某种属性 常见如下词汇sell, 或者read, 或者wash, 或者clean, 或者cook, 或者cut, 或者wear,等。该用法通常与well, 或者easily, 或者slowly, 或者quickly,等副词连用,也可用于进行时态 。不用被动式

这种布料好洗。The cloth washes well,

这书销售得快。 The book sells quickly,

这衬衫可以穿很久。 This shirt will wear very long,

 这书销售情况得好吗?Is the book selling well?,

系动词look, 或者sound,或者 taste, 或者smell, 或者feel,（表感官的系动词）；remain, keep, 或者stay,（表状态的系动词）；become, 或者get,或者 grow,（表变化的系动词）；prove,证明是，measure,尺寸是, weigh,重量是。

温暖的天气里，水果和肉都不能长期保存。 In warm weather fruit and meat don't keep long,

良药苦口。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth,

还有许多（事情，工作）要做。 Much remains to be done,

Much remains to be done, 注意：remain,和主语much,无被动关系；而to be done,的逻辑主语是much,  用被动形式。

你的主意听起来不错。 Your idea sounds a good one,

我的建议证明是错误的。 My advice proved wrong,

My advice proved to be wrong,

这个房间的尺寸是六乘八。 The room measures six by eight,

这条鱼重2千克。 The fish weighs two kilos,

某些表示状态的及物的动词或动词短语 不用于被动语态：have, 或者own, 或者possess, (拥有), hold, (容纳), wish, (希望), cost, (花费), fit, (适合)等 consist of, (由  组成), suffer from, (患病，遭受), agree with, (与  一致), succeed in, (在  成功), happen to, (发生在)，belong to, (属于)等

这把钥匙只适合这把锁。This key just fits the lock,

你讲的与我们听到的一致。Your story agrees with what had already been heard,