带同源宾语、反身代词、相互代词的及物动词 不用于被动语态

动词+同源宾语：die a death, 或者dream a dream, 或者live a life,

她昨晚做了个噩梦。She dreamed a bad dream last night,

他12岁开始自学英语。He began to teach himself English at the age of twelve,

相互代词：each other, 或者one another,

他们互相厌恶。They hate each other,

宾语是不定式或动词-ing形式时，很少改成被动语态。

约翰喜欢听摇滚乐。 John enjoys listening to rock and roll,

宾语是主语身体的一部分时不用于被动语态

当问到他的家庭时，他摇了摇头。He shook his head when asked about his family,

我的头被医生摇了一下。My head was shaken by the doctor,

宾语是地点或场所时（jump,或者reach,除外）

　几天前她离开了华盛顿去了亚特兰大。She left Washington for Atlanta the other day,

 不达目的决不罢休。We'll never give up until the goal is reached,

 目前并不清楚他们是从飞机还是大楼上进行的跳伞。Not clear is whether they jumped from a plane or a building,

下面这些短语看似被动语态，实际表示一种状态，没有被动含义：

（决心）, be determined,

（准备好）, be prepared,

（毕业于）, be graduated,

（忙于）, be occupied in,

（结婚）, get married,

（就座）, be seated,

（迷路）, be lost,

（醉酒）, be drunk,

（穿着），be dressed,

（面临），be faced with,

(感到吃惊) be surprised,

我是去年从耶鲁大学毕业的。I was graduated from Yale University last year,

琳达忙于重新装修她的房子。Linda was occupied with the work of redecorating her house,

他害怕被老师责骂。He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher,

小偷试图逃过惩罚。The thief tried to escape being punished,

你有这么好的机会，怎么一点儿都不珍惜呢？Having been given such a good chance, how would you not value it at all?,

正在讨论的问题很重要。The questions being discussed are very important,

我突然感到被重重地打了一拳。I suddenly felt myself being hit by a heavy fist,

一般在-ing形式前加形容词性物主代词或名词的所有格，如果不在句首，也可以用代词的宾格或名词；

 用一下你的望远镜介意吗？Would you mind my using your telescope?

Would you mind me using your telescope?,

在-ing形式前加名词或代词的主格，构成独立主格结构，但是此形式只作状语。

汤姆做完作业后就睡觉了。His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep,

有些-ing形式已经变成了固定的短语，从而不需有逻辑主语，

由他的口音判断，他是南方人。Judging by his accent, he's from the south,

这男孩经常观看轮船装货和卸货。The boy often watches the ships being loaded and unloaded,

完成式表示-ing形式的动作在谓语动作之前完成。

领我们参观过实验室后，又去看了图书馆。Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library,

在海中让鲨鱼咬死是常事。Being killed by sharks in the sea is a common thing,

 我记得有人告诉过我这个故事。I remember having been told the story,

 我不喜欢乘小船在汹涌的大海上颠簸的主意。I didn't like the idea of being thrown about in a boat on a rough sea,

注意：在 avoid, 或者admit, 或者appreciate,或者 complete,或者 consider, 或者delay, 或者enjoy, 或者escape,或者 excuse, 或者finish, 或者forgive,或者 imagine,或者 mind, 或者miss,或者 practise,或者 risk, 或者suggest, 或者give up, 或者put off, 或者feel like,或者 insist on,等后只接动词-ing形式作宾语。

正在建造的房子一完工就作我们的图书馆。The house being built will be our library upon its completion,

注意：动词-ing形式的完成式一般不作限制性定语，应用定语从句代替。

受邀回答这个问题，她没办法拒绝。Being asked to answer the question, she couldn't refuse,

因为要求我留下，我不能离开。Having been asked to stay, I couldn't leave,

你会听到到处都在讨论这个话题。You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere,

走近村子时，我们看到人们正盖新房子。As we approached the village we saw new houses being built,

用主动形式表示被动意思 need,或者want,或者require,或者deserve,+ doing, 需要做某事

黑板需要擦干净。The blackboard needs cleaning,

The blackboard needs to be cleaned,

那个破窗户需要修理。The broken window wants repairing,

The broken window wants to be repaired,

还有几点需要提到。Several other points deserve mentioning,

Several other points deserve to be mentioned,

值得做be worth doing,

be worthy,

It is worthwhile,

这个问题值得讨论。The problem is worth discussing,

The problem is worthy of being discussed,

The problem is worthy to be discussed,

It is worthwhile to discuss the problem,

it is worthwhile discussing the problem,

他看起来很沮丧，似乎被父亲骂了一顿。He seemed to have been scolded by his father since he looked upset then,

当被要求表演时，她感到很尴尬，但人们一直在坚持。Being asked to give a performance, she felt embarrassed, but people kept on,

他不喜欢在实验中被打断。 He disliked being interrupted in his experiment,

既然有这么好的机会，你应该抓住它。Having been given such a good chance, you should catch it,

我不介意被留在家里，因为我可以在床上读小说。 I didn't mind being left at home, for I could read the novel in bed,

我们要搬进去的房子需要打扫。 The house we're going to move in wants cleaning,

他没被邀请就进来了，这让他的老板很生气。 He came in without being asked, which made his boss angry,

突然一道光照过后，传来一阵可怕的噪音。 There was a terrible noise, following the sudden burst of light,

我听说他被选为该队的教练。 I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team,

我看到那个男孩现在在教师办公室被警察审问。I saw the boy being questioned by a policeman in the teachers' office now,

这个问题需要仔细研究。This problem requires studying with great care,

 我真的无法忍受他的指责。I really can't stand being blamed by him,

 很久没见到她，我很想念她。 Not having seen her for ages, I miss her very much,

 他们正在讨论的是什么话题？What's the subject being discussed by them?,

 他们中有些人因为生长在乡村，从未看过轮船。Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a ship,

 医生提醒病人手术后不要吃油腻的食物。The patient was warned not to eat oily food after operation,

 下班后别忘记关灯。Don't forget to turn off the lights after work,

 我后悔没听老师的忠告。I regret not following the teacher's advice,

I regret not having followed the teacher's advice,

 很抱歉我犯了一个愚蠢的错误。I'm sorry to have made a silly mistake,

 挨了老师的批评后，他感到很郁闷。Having been criticized by the teacher, he felt very depressed,

Criticized by the teacher, he felt very depressed,

他走出房间，身后跟着他忠实的小狗。He went out of the room, followed by his honest little dog,

意味着做某事mean doing something,

打算做什么mean to do something,

奉献某事做某事，把 用于devote something to doing something,

做某事没有麻烦Have no trouble doing something,

forbid,  后接动词-ing形式作宾语。

禁不住做某事can't help doing something,

不能帮忙做can't help to do something,

忍不住想做can't help but want to do,

你忍不住想要给艾菲灌输一点良知。You can't help but want to shake some sense into Effie,