怎么了What's the matter?,

 我发现他躺在地上。 I found he was lying on the ground,

一座寺庙位于山顶之上。A temple lies on the top of the mountain,

 不要向我撒谎。Don't lie to me,

  这个男孩向我撒了谎。The boy told a lie to me,

  躺；位于lie

lay

lain

lying,

 说谎 lie

 lied

Lied

 lying,

英语中，部分以-ie结尾的动词的-ing形式必须改ie为y再加-ing。死亡die, dying, 束紧，系牢tie,  tying,  躺；位于，说谎lie, lying,

hope意为“希望”，用于表示有可能实现的愿望，其后可接不定式或宾语从句，但表达“希望别人做某事”时，则需用hope that从句。

  我希望你能通过考试。I hope you can pass the exam,

hope+to do something,注意：没有hope somebody to do something,的用法

从最好的方面想，抱乐观的希望hope for the best,

  hope that从句    表示很有可能实现的主观愿望

希望hope for something,

 wish somebody to do something   能接somebody,的复合结构 

wish+somebody something, 能接双宾语

wish  to do something,   可与hope互换 

wish that从句    用虚拟语气表示不太可能实现的愿望 

我妈妈希望在什么地方找到她丢失的手表。 My mother wishes to find her lost watch somewhere, 

My mother hopes to find her lost watch somewhere,

我希望你及时完成这项工作。I wish you to finish the work in time,

advice是不可数名词，意见 建议 劝告 忠告，不能与不定冠词连用。

  一条建议a piece of advice,

  让我给你一些建议。Let me give you some advice,

  谢谢你关于房子的建议。Thanks for your advice about the house,

 给某人提有关   的一些建议give somebody some advice on,

你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well?,

听从某人的建议  take one's advice,

我会听从你的建议，每天锻炼身体。I'll take your advice, and do exercise every day,

advise是advice的动词形式，意为“建议”，常用于advise somebody to do something的结构中。

 他建议我每天早晨读英语。He advised me to read English every morning,

should应当，应该。表示义务 责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn't。

    你应该听从你老师的建议。You should take your teacher's advice,

     你不应该上课迟到。You shouldn't be late for class,

 火车可能已经离开了。The train should have already left,

当劝某人做或不做某事时，常用should do something,或shouldn't do something,比must,和ought to,更加委婉。

  你在睡觉前应该刷牙。You should brush your teeth before you go to bed,

    需要做某事need to do something,

 需要（被）做     need doing,

  他需要些帮助。He needs some help,

  你不必来这么早。You didn't need to come so early,

   花需要浇水。The flowers need watering,

need也可作情态动词，意为“需要，必须”，没有人称 数和时态的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。

 他必须立刻走吗？Need he go at once ?,

 他不必立刻走。He need not go at once,

用must提问的句子，其否定回答常用needn't,

   他必须今天上午交作业吗？不，不必了。 Must he hand in his homework this morning?No, he needn't,

need to do something,需要干某事”，是自己主动去干某事；

need doing其主语是物，含有被动的意义，相当于need to be done。

那个学生需要一回家就做家庭作业。The student needs to do his homework as soon as he gets home,

 我的电脑需要修理。My computer needs repairing,

直到until,

我们等到雨停了。We waited until the rain stopped,

她一直等到9点钟。She stayed there until 9 o'clock,

until用在肯定句中，多与持续性的动词连用表示某动作持续到某时，如stand, wait, stay,等，表示主句动作的终止时间。until,相当于till,

until可用于否定句中，not,  until, 直到 才，常与非延续性动词连用。如open, start, leave, arrive,等，强调主句动作开始时间。

 直到父亲回来，那个孩子才睡觉。The child didn't go to bed until his father came back,

 你最好等到雨停。You'd better wait until the rain stops,

have a cold患感冒，伤风。也可以说成catch a cold 或者get a cold或者take a cold。其中have表示“患病，得病”，不能用于进行时态，但可与一段时间连用，表示状态；

catch a cold或者get a cold则表示瞬时动作，不能同一段时间连用。

伤风 感冒cold,

 我感冒三天了。I got a cold three days ago,

I caught a cold three days ago,

I have had a cold for three days,

 冷的，寒冷的cold,

有一股冷风正吹进山谷。A cold wind was coming down the valley,

have a,+身体部位名词后加-ache构成。

    头痛  have a headache,

  牙痛  have a toothache,

胃痛have a stomachache,

have a sore,+身体部位名词。

    喉咙痛   have a sore throat,

   胳膊痛 have a sore arm,

脚痛have a sore foot,

sore是形容词，意为“疼痛的”，通常放在表示身体部位的词前，表示哪个部位疼痛。

身体部位+ hurt,  或者ache,

  我眼睛痛。  My eyes hurts,

   我腿疼。My legs ache,

have a pain in,或者on, +the,+身体部位。

我胳膊痛。 I have a pain in the arm,

There is something wrong with+one's+身体部位。

你的眼睛有毛病。 There is something wrong with your eyes,

感觉舒服，身体好feel well,

feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，说明主语的状态 性质 特征。

 我感觉累了。I feel tired,

看上去look,

闻起来smell,

听起来 sound,

品尝taste,

变得get,

变得grow,

我认为你不是真正健康的人，所以你应该多锻炼。I don't think you are a really well man, so you should do more exercise,

身体健康的well ,

 太多，过于too much,

我吃的太多了，现在饱了。I had too much,I'm full now,

too much, 形容词短语 后跟不可数名词，也可作代词短语

too many, 形容词短语 后跟可数名词的复数，也可作代词短语

much too, 副词短语 后跟形容词或副词

不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。Don't eat too much sweet, It's bad for your teeth,

房间里有太多的书了，你可以选择任何一本来读。There are too many books in the room, You can choose any one to read,

外面太冷了，你应该穿上外套。It's much too cold outside,You should put on your coat,

肯定 a few,(可数，有一些) a little,(不可数，有一些)

否定 few,(可数，几乎没有) little,(不可数，几乎没有)

  我们几乎没有时间来做这件事。We have little time to do it,

  他是新来的，所以几乎没有朋友。He is new here, So he has few friends,

    皮特刚离开几分钟。Peter has just been away for a few minutes,

冰箱里还有一点牛奶，我们可以明天去买。There is a little milk in the fridge, We can buy it tomorrow,

become常用于书面语，表示由一个状态向另一个状态的变化，强调变化“结果”。

get多用于口语中，指短时间的变化，其后通常接形容词的比较级，表示变化的过程。

  他成了一名医生。He became a doctor,

   天气渐渐暖和起来了。It's getting warmer, 

 It's become warmer,

at the moment,表示“此刻 现在 此时”，同义词是now，是现在进行时态的标志词。

 他现在正在做作业。She is doing her homework at the moment,

  我们现在非常忙。We are very busy at the moment,

    尽快 立刻in a moment,

very soon,

       此刻 一会儿for a moment,

ago做副词，指“（从现在算起多长时间）以前”，一般用于过去时态中。其前通常是时间段。

我两天前拜访了他。I visited him two days ago,

  我们大约十分钟前开始上课的。We started our class about ten minutes ago,

before通常用来表示在某个时间点之前，也可单独用做状语，而ago则不能单独使用。

  我们八点前开始爬山的。We began to climb the hill before eight o'clock,

 你怎么了？我胃疼。 What's the matter ? I have a stomachache,

某人怎么了 What's the matter with somebody?

What's wrong with somebody?

What's your trouble?,

你怎么了 What's the matter with you?

 What's wrong with you?

What's the trouble with you ?

 What's your trouble?,

注意：matter,是名词，其前只能加定冠词the,   wrong,是形容词，前面不需要加任何冠词；trouble,名词，前面可加定冠词 the,也可加形容词性物主代词。不能说What's your wrong, 和What's your matter,

I think so,用于肯定对方提出的观点或看法，“我认为是这样的”，其中so是副词，代替前面的词 短语或某种情况，意为“这样，如此”。常用在believe相信 suppose设想 hope希望 think认为 say说 tell告诉，以及实义动词do,后，以避免重复。

  你认为会下雨吗？是的，我认为是。Do you think it will rain ?Yes, I think so,

I think so,的否定形式有两种：I don't think so,或者I think not,类似的词有believe, suppose ,hope, be afraid,等。

 我相信如此。I believe so,

  我希望不会这样。I hope not,

 学英语不容易。To learn English is not easy,

 It's not easy to learn English,

It's+形容词+for somebody to do something, 形容词是表示做某事的“性质 特征”，important, easy, difficult, hard, necessary,等。

It's+形容词+of somebody to do something,形容词是表示人的“品质”kind, wise, clever, good, foolish,等。

   你这样说真是太善良了。It's kind of you to say so,

    多锻炼对你来说是必要的。It's necessary for you to do more exercise,

喜欢做什么enjoy doing something,

enjoy是及物动词，意为“享受…的乐趣； 欣赏；喜欢”。

过得快活，感到愉快enjoy oneself,have a good time,

 enjoy doing something, 只接-ing形式，不接to do something,

   我喜欢周杰伦的歌。I enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou,

   昨晚的聚会，我们玩得很高兴。We enjoyed ourselves at the party,

在我们班，大多数学生喜欢唱英语歌。In my class, most of the students enjoy singing English songs,

只能接-ing形式作宾语的动词：enjoy, finish, practice, mind,等。

意为“对做某事感到遗憾 抱歉”。be sorry to do something,

  很抱歉打扰你。I'm sorry to trouble you,

   对某事感到遗憾be sorry about something,

    对某人感到遗憾 be sorry for somebody,

  我为那件事感到后悔。I'm sorry for the matter,

  我为迟到感到抱歉。I'm sorry for being late,

  “在压力的，紧张的”。be stressed out,

stressed是由动词stress在词尾加-ed构成的形容词。此处的out做副词，意为“彻底的，完全的”，表示程度。

考试时不要有压力。Don't be stressed out when you have a test,

 我真的压力太大了。I am really stressed out,