初二(4,1)
你怎样上学?How do you get to school?,
get to, 意为“到达 ”。其后接表示地点的副词(here, there, home, )时,介词to,要省略。
他们将在今晚六点到达北京。They'll get to Beijing at six tonight,
我会按时到达那里。I'll get there on time,
注意:arrive,“到达”是不及物动词,后接表示地点的副词时,只能用arrive,。而arrive in,后接表示范围较大的地点名词(国家,省,城市);arrive at,后接小地点(街道,路口,门牌)等。
reach是及物动词,可以直接接宾语。
他每天早上八点到达学校。He arrives at school at eight every morning,
她父亲昨天到达上海。Her father arrived in Shanghai yesterday,
我一到达纽约就给你打电话。I'll call you as soon as I reach New York,
other,是形容词,意为“其他的,别的”,其后多接可数名词。
恐怕还有其他的解决这个问题的方法。I'm afraid there are other ways of solving this problem,
others,相当于other,+可数名词复数形式,代词,指“其他人或物”,相当于一个复数名词。
有些人喜欢运动,有些人则不喜欢。Some people enjoy exercise,others don't,
the others,则表示在一个特定范围内的其他的全部,表示特指,“其余的”。
the other,“两个人或事物中的另一个”;表示特指,通常与one,搭配使用,构成one, the other, 一个, 另一个
高老师一只手拿书,另一只手拿钢笔。Miss Gao has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other,
another,后通常跟单数名词,也可泛指单数名词,“不确定数目中的另一个”。
请再拿一个给我看看。Please show me another ,
another,作“另外的,再”讲时,可修饰可数名词复数。此时名词前常有具体数词修饰,即another+数词+复数名词。
我们另有五位朋友要见。We have another five friends to meet,
depend on,“视 而定;取决于;依靠”,其后可跟名词, 代词或从句作宾语,on,也可以换为upon,。
我们什么时候动身? When shall we start?
依天气情况而定。It depends upon the weather,
It depends on the weather,
父亲去世后,他依靠他的叔叔。He depended on his uncle after his father died,
a number of “许多”,后面接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。
number前面可以用large, great, small,等修饰,
很多a large number of,
很少 a small number of,
我有许多信件要写。I have a number of letters to write,
我们学校许多学生来自农村。A large number of students in our school are from the countryside,
昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday,
the number of,“ 的数量”,后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数形式。
说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English,
ill是形容词,“生病的,身体不适的”,通常在句中作表语或补语,不能作定语。
昨天他生病卧床。He was ill in bed yesterday,
形容词ill还可以表示“不好的,邪恶的,恶意的”,相当于bad,这时它多用作定语。
小女孩听到这个不幸的消息时,放声大哭。The little girl cried loudly when she heard the ill news,
ill作“生病的”讲时,只能作表语;sick“生病的,恶心的”时,既可作定语,又可作表语。
这个男孩不愿意吃东西,他可能病了。The boy doesn't like to eat anything, He can be ill,
露西的妈妈生病住院了。Lucy's mother is ill in hospital,
Lucy's mother is sick in hospital,
放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。She'll visit her sick mother after school,
hundred是数词,意为“百”,当表示具体的“几百”时,用“基数词+hundred”,注意不加s,
我们学校有九百名学生。There are nine hundred students in our school,
hundreds of, “数百,成百上千的”,这时hundred后要加s, 且后面有介词of, 但是不能与数词连用。
在餐馆里有成百上千的人。There are hundreds of people in the restaurant,
表示数词的还有thousand,“千”,million,“百万”,billion,“十亿”。它们的用法和hundred一样,可以用来表示约数和确数。
also,“也”,用于肯定句中,置于be动词,助动词, 情态动词之后,行为动词之前。
他也会弹钢琴。He can also play the piano,
too,也有“也”的意思,too,用于肯定句且置于句末,其前用逗号隔开。
杰克也是工人。Jack is a worker, too,
either,表示“也”时,用于否定句且置于句末,其前用逗号隔开。
他不会游泳,我也不会游泳,He can't swim, I can't swim, either,
也,还有。as well,
如果你想的话,我会和你在一起来。我无所谓。I'll come with you if you like, I might as well,
must,是情态动词,“一定”,后加动词原形,表示十分肯定的推测。
那个人一定是一位老师。That man must be a teacher,
他一定有一个妹妹。He must have a younger sister,
在表示推测判断时,may,+动词原形,“也许,可能”,其可能性比must,小。而表示否定的推测时,须用can't,+动词原形,“不可能是 ”,而不能用mustn't,+动词原形。
我想你也许是正确的。I think you may be right,
他不可能忘记我的名字。He can't forget my name,
worry可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时,意为“使烦恼,使担忧”。 作不及物动词时,意为“发愁,担心,烦恼”,常与介词about,连用。
什么事使你烦恼?What's worrying you?,
不要为我担心。Don't worry about me,
worry也可用作名词。既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。
她脸上显出担忧的神情。Her face showed signs of worry,
我有很多担心。I have a lot of worries,
worry的过去分词worried相当于形容词,意为“担心的,烦恼的”,常与be, look, feel,等系动词连用。
“为 担心”。be worried about,
她担心她生病的母亲。 She is worried about her sick mother,
It takes somebody some time to do something是固定句型,意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间”。take在此意为“花费”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式to do something对时间提问时用How long does it take?
完成这项工作花了我半小时。It took me half an hour to finish the work,
从学校到你家要花多长时间?How long does it take you from your home to school?,
somebody spends+时间或金钱+ doing something
somebody spends+时间或金钱+ in doing something
somebody spends+时间或金钱+ on something
It takes somebody some time to do something
somebody pays+金钱+ for something
something costs somebody +金钱
昨天我花了三个小时做作业。I spent 3 hours doing my homework yesterday,
I spent 3 hours in doing my homework yesterday,
I spent 3 hours on my homework yesterday,
乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus,
我花了六元钱买这支笔。I paid six yuan for the pen,
我的英语书花了我五元钱。My English book cost me five yuan,
how用于询问动作执行的方式, 手段等,意为“怎样”。
你父亲怎样去上班?步行。How does your father go to work? On foot,
how用于询问动作执行的程度,意为“怎么样”。
你觉得中国怎么样? 非常喜欢。How do you like China? Very much,
how用于询问身体健康状况。
你父母身体怎样?很好,谢谢!How are your parents?Fine, Thank you,
可以用于第一次见面的问候语。
你好!How do you do?,
how about用于提建议。
这周末去购物怎么样?How about going shopping this weekend?,
how much用来询问价格,意为“多少钱”。
这件T恤多少钱?How much is this T-shirt?,
how much后接不可数名词,用来询问数量,意为“多少”。
一个人每天需要多少水?How much water does a person need every day?,
how many后接可数名词复数形式,用来询问数量,意为“多少”。
你们班有多少学生?How many students are there in your class?,
how old用来询问年龄。
你多大了?How old are you?,
how 还可用来询问天气。
天气怎么样?How is the weather?,
how far 用来询问距离,意为“多远”。答语要用表示距离的词语。有具体数字时,应与away from连用,表示具体距离的计量,口语中away可省去。 没有具体数字时,应用far或near作答。
从你们学校到电影院有多远? How far is it from your school to the cinema?,
那很远。 It's very far,
从地球到月球有三十八万公里。It is three hundred and eighty thousand kilometres away from the earth,
how often用于询问某动作行为或状态发生的频率。
你多久看一次电视? How often do you watch TV?,
how soon用于询问时间,意为“多久以后”。
她多久才回来? How soon will she come back?,
how 可以引导感叹句。
这本书多有趣啊! How interesting the book is!,
not all,表示部分否定,意为“不是所有的 都 ”。当句子中出现all, every, both, always,等词时,not,无论用在主语中,还是谓语部分里,都表示部分否定。
发光的并不都是金子。Not all that glitters is gold,
不是所有的答案都是正确的。Not all answers are right,
All answers aren't right,
若要表示全部否定时,则用none,代替all,或every,用neither,或nor,代替both;用never,代替always,。
不是所有的足球运动员都高。Not all soccer players are tall,
所有的足球运动员都不高。None of the soccer players are tall,
他的父母亲并非都是老师。Not both his parents are teachers,
他的父母亲都不是老师。Neither of his parents is teacher,
并不是所有的孩子都喜欢篮球。Not every child likes basketball,
这些孩子都不喜欢篮球。None of the children likes basketball,
a lot more, than, a lot,在此结构中是副词短语,意为“ 得多”,用来修饰形容词比较级,类似的词还有even,“甚至”,much,“ 得多”等,其后只能修饰形容词或副词的比较级。另外,a little,意为“一点儿”,既可以修饰形容词, 副词的原级,也可以修饰比较级。
他今天吃得更多。He eats a lot more today,
这个男孩比你矮点。The boy is a little shorter than you,
用“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式。
骑自行车by bike,
乘小汽车by car,
乘公共汽车by bus,
乘出租车by taxi,
用“by+交通路线的位置”来表示交通方式。
由水路by water,
从陆路 by land,
从海路by sea,
乘飞机by air,
in或者on+冠词,形容词性物主代词,指示代词+交通工具名词”表示交通方式。
in,多用在car,taxi等交通工具之前,
on,多用在bike, horse, bus, train, ship, 等交通工具之前。
她经常骑自行车上学。She often goes to school on her bike,
She often goes to school on a bike,
She often goes to school by bike,
他们乘公共汽车去那里。They went there on a bus,
They went there by bus,
on foot,步行。on foot,是固定搭配,表示步行,其中foot,不能用复数形式feet,其前也不加任何修饰词。
她经常步行去上学。She often goes to school on foot,
take,+the,+交通工具名词或者take a,+交通工具名词,表示交通方式。
乘火车take a train,
乘公共汽车 take a bus,
乘船take a ship,
乘飞机take a plane,
注意: “骑自行车”要翻译为“ride a bike,”
用某些动词来表示交通方式。
步行去 walk to,
开车去drive to,
骑车,骑马去ride to,
注意:如果接地点副词here, there, home, 时,介词to,应该省略。
乘公交车 take the bus,
by bus,
on a bus,