推荐复习2
finally可放在句首、句中或句尾,强调在列举论点时,引出最后一个内容,有表示盼望已久的事情终于实现了的含义。
他们讨论了好几个小时,最后决定不去了。They talked about it for hours,Finally, they decided not to go,
finally还可用在句中的动词前面,“等了很久才”,但感情色彩不浓。
我们等了又等,最终火车来了。We waited and waited, and the train finally arrived,
at last,可放在句首或句尾,表示期待的感情更为强烈,强调经过曲折后才达到目的。
我弟弟终于上大学了。My brother went to college at last,
她总算来了。She came at last,
in the end,可放在句首或句尾,可以与at last,互换,表示经过困难之后才达到目的,但表示对结局的预测时,只能用in the end,。
最后我们找到了那间房子。In the end we found the house,
最后他们赢了。They won in the end,
beat,表示在比赛中打败某人,“赢”,其宾语只能是表示人或团队的词语,不能用表示比赛、奖品等内容的词语作其宾语。
昨天的足球比赛我们赢了。We beat them in the soccer match yesterday,
beat,常表示“打”,指的是接连打击某人或某物。beat,还可用来表示心脏的跳动。
雨点正敲打着窗户。The rain is beating against the window,
我的心脏跳得很快。My heart is beating fast,
win,“赢”,其宾语是表示比赛、奖品等内容的词语,不能用表示人的词语作其宾语。Win,还可作不及物动词,后面不接宾语,表示“获胜”。
最后,我们赢得了这场比赛的胜利。In the end we won the match,
In the end we won the game,
“停止做某事”“不做某事了”。stop doing something,
他不看电视,开始读英语了。He stopped watching TV and began to read English,
“停止原来做的事,做另外一件事”。stop to do something,
他看了一个小时的电视,八点钟他停下去做作业。He watched TV for an hour and at eight he stopped to do his homework,
试着做某事try doing something,
尽力做某事try to do something,
前门如没人答应,就敲后门试试看。Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door,
尽力睡一会儿吧!Try to get some sleep!,
继续做原来的事情go on doing something,
继续做另外一件事go on to do ,
他们继续谈着。They went on talking,
他们接着谈论了这个消息。They went on to talk about the news,
记得做过了某事remember doing,
记得去做某事remember to do,
我记得把门锁上了。I remember locking the door,
记住要锁门。Remember to lock the door,
忘记做过了某事 forgot doing,
记住要去做某事forget to do,
我忘记买书了。I forgot to buy the book,
我忘记已买过书了。I forgot buying the book,
When,引导的状语从句表示时间,说明一个动作发生的时候,另一个动作正在进行。
当我走进教室的时候你正在干什么?What were you doing when I came into the classroom?,
我正在读书。I was reading,
用when,引导的时间状语从句也可以表示某一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作突然发生。
当我在公园散步的时候我的钢笔掉在地上。My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park,
当那个妇女经过的时候她看到了所发生的事情。A woman saw it happen when she was walking past,
用while,连接的时间状语从句一般用过去进行时,表示正在进行某一个动作时发生了另一个动作,而主句常用一般过去时。
当他正在读书的时候,电话铃响了。While he was reading, the telephone rang,
当我们正在湖中划船时,我们看见了一条鱼跳出了水面。While we were boating on the lake, we saw a fish jump out of the water,
when与while引导的状语从句都可以表示正在进行某个动作,但while更强调动作持续了一段时间。
用while连接的时间状语从句还可以表示某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中。
他在读书,我在写字。While he was reading, I was writing,
爸爸在洗车时,妈妈在做饭。While Dad was washing his car, Mum was cooking,
爸爸在看电视时,我在做作业。I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV,
join,“加入某一组织,成为其中一员”,join,后面还可接表示人的名词或代词,表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。
我叔叔是一九七八年入党的。My uncle joined the Party in nineteen seventy-eight,
我们要去游泳,你和我们一起去吗?We are going for a swim,Will you come and join us?,
join in,“加入,参与”某种活动,in,之后可接名词或动词-ing形式
参加某人的活动”,join somebody in doing something,
join somebody in something,
他同他们一起工作。He joined them in the work,
你要和我们一起打篮球吗?Will you join us in playing basketball?,
take part in,指参加会议或群众性活动,重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。
昨天老师参加了我们的讨论。The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday,
borrow指从别人那里借来东西(借入),lend指把东西借给别人(借出)。
我可以借用一下你的钢笔吗?May I borrow your pen?,
把你的钢笔借给我好吗?Can you lend me your pen?,
表示“向某人或某处借某物”,用borrow something from somebody,或者 somewhere,表示“把某物借给某人”,用lend something to somebody或者lend somebody something
你经常从图书馆借书吗?Do you often borrow books from the library?,
你一定不要把它借给别人。You mustn't lend it to others,
forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用。
噢,我忘记带钱包了。Oh, I've forgotten my wallet,
别忘了带箱子。Don't forget the cases,
leave 在表示“遗忘”时,则通常要与表示地点的状语连用。
噢,我的钱包放在家里忘记带了。Oh, I've left my wallet at home,
我把表忘在楼上了。I've left my watch upstairs,
我去给你拿。I'll go and get it for you,
aloud, 强调“出声”,即把话说出来,而不是在心里默默地“说”,通常与动词 read, speak, think,等动词连用。
朗读 read aloud,
自言自语think aloud,
aloud,表示“大声地”,通常与动词 cry, laugh, shout, call, 等动词连用。
这男孩子在大声哭。The boy is crying aloud,
她大声呼救。She called aloud for help,
loud, 表示“大声”或“响亮”,可用作形容词和副词:
他嗓门大。He has a loud voice,
这音乐太吵人了,请把音量关小一点。The music is too loud, please turn it down,
用作副词(与loudly, 同义),一般只与动词 speak, talk, laugh, sing,等连用,且多放在这些动词之后。
我听不见,请说大声些。I can't hear you, please speak louder,
loudly, 只用作副词(与用作副词的 loud, 同义),含有喧闹的意思,强调声音高,不悦耳。
别这么大声讲话。Don't talk so loudly,
Don't talk so loud,
loudly 比用作副词的 loud 使用范围更广,它除与 speak,talk,laugh 等动词连用外,还可与其他表示声响的动词连用,且可以放在这些动词之前或之后。
有人大声地敲门。Someone knocked loudly at the door,
在用于比较级或最高级时,通常用 loud,而不用 loudly,。
谁笑的声音最大?Who laughed loudest?,
为什么不出去散步? Why not go out for a walk?,
Why not后面接动词原形
去看电影怎么样? What about going to the movie?,
What或者How about后面加动词-ing形式
让我们六点见面。 Let's meet at six,
Let's,后面加动词原形
为什么不和我们一起去? Why don't you go with us?,
Why don't you,后面加动词原形
“玩得高兴”have fun ,
have a good time,
enjoy oneself,
“做某事有乐趣”have fun doing something,
have fun in doing something,
“做某事遇到了一些问题”。have some problems doing something,
have some problems in doing something,
have some trouble doing something,
have some trouble in doing something,
昨晚我们玩象棋玩得很开心。We had great fun playing chess last night,
孩子们在做香蕉奶昔时遇到了一些困难。The children have some problems making a banana milk shake,
The children have some problems in making a banana milk shake,
too + 形容词或者副词+ to 表示“太 以致不能”的意思。
他父亲太穷,不能送他去上学。His father was too poor to send him to school,
不定式前带逻辑主语,表明不定式动作的执行者是谁,用for somebody, 表示。
这本书对我来说太难读了。This English book is too difficult for me to read,
表明不定式动作本身的性质,用of somebody,表示。
来帮助我,他真是太友好了。It's very kind of him to help me,
too, to,结构可以转换成so, that, 和not, enough to,结构,注意在not, enough to,结构中not,后的形容词或副词与too, to,结构中too,后的形容词或副词的意义相反。
他太小了,不能做这项工作。He is too young to do the work,
He is so young that he can not do the work,
He is not old enough to do the work,
as, + 形容词原形 + as,
汤姆和迈克一样高。Tom is as tall as Mike,
汤姆和迈克一样大。Tom is as old as Mike,
我们班有和你们班一样多的学生。There are as many students in our class as yours,
否定:not as, + 形容词或者副词原形 + as, 或者not so, + 形容词或者副词原形 + as, 不及,不如
露西没有迈克那样高。Lucy is not as tall as Mike,
Lucy is not so tall as Mike,
比较级 + than
我们学校比他们学校大。Our school is larger than theirs,
这座桥比那座桥长。This bridge is longer than that one,
表示两者之间的选择,可使用“Which is + 比较级,or?”
这把尺子和那把尺子,哪一个更长?Which is longer, this ruler or that one?,
表示不及另一方时,使用“less, + 原级 + than,”。
这个公园不如那个公园漂亮。This park is less beautiful than that one,
形容词的比较级 + and, + 形容词的比较级 (前后形容词是同一个)“越来越”。
她越来越瘦了。She is becoming thinner and thinner,
我们国家变得越来越富强。Our country is becoming richer and richer,
The + 比较级,the+比较级意为“越 越”。
房子越小,我们所花的取暖费就越少。The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us the heat,
他越忙就越高兴。The busier he is, the happier he feels,
the+比较级 + of + the + two “两者中比较的”。
两块手表中,这块比较便宜。The watch is the cheaper of the two,
用比较级形式表示最高级的意思:比较级 + than any other + 单数名词
他比班上任何其他男孩都高。He is taller than any other boy in his class,
形容词最高级的用法:in, 或者 of,+范围
那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的。The girl with short hair is the tallest in our class,
他的房间是三间中最干净的一间。His room is the cleanest of the three,
one of the, + 最高级 +名词复数,表示“最之一”。
鲁迅是上世纪最伟大的作家之一。Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century,
三者及以上做比较,用“Which 或者Who+ 最高级,A, B or C? ”。
谁最高,吉姆,麦克还是汤姆?Who is the tallest, Jim, Mike or Tom?,
当表示“第二,第三”等意思时,经常在最高级的前面加second、third等词。
这是中国第三大城市。This is the third largest city in China,
用“please, + 动词原形”或“动词原形 + please,”,即在一般祈使句中加上please, ,使语气变得委婉。
请喝杯牛奶。Please have a glass of milk,
请稍等。Wait a minute, please,
用“Will you ,+ 动词原形?或者Will you please, + 动词原形?”结构,用于第二人称表示向对方提出试探性建议或有礼貌的请求
请给她捎个口信好吗?Will you please give a message to her?,
请帮我学习英语好吗?Will you help me with my English?,
你介意吗?Would you mind doing?
能借用一下你的自行车吗?没问题。Would you mind lending me your bike? No, not at all,
用Can, 或者 May, 或者 Could, 或者 Might, + 主语 + 动词原形?结构。其中could, might,不表示过去时间,而是比can, may,更委婉客气。
我现在可以回家了吗?Can I go home now?,
胡先生,我们可以问您一些问题吗?May we ask you some questions, Mr Hu?,
你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗?Could you tell me where the post office is?,
Would you + 动词原形?
来吃晚饭好吗?Would you come to dinner?,