连词4
such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组, so 是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。
so 还可与表示数量的形容词 many , few , much , little 连用,形成固定搭配。
MP3要花我太多的钱以至于我买不起它 The MP3 cost me so much money that I couldn't afford to buy it
世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿 There is no such thing as a free lunch
那个结系死了,没法解开。 The knot was fastened in such a way that it was impossible to undo
他呆在这儿直到很晚。 He stayed there until it was very late
句中, stay 是可延续性动词,所以不用 not 。
他呆在这儿直到很晚。 He didn't leave until it was very late
句中, leave 是不可延续性动词,所以用 not
because 和 so 及 although 和 but 不连用。
因为他迟到了,他不能赶上第一班巴士 Because he was late he didn't catch the first bus
祈使句+ or +陈述句前后是对立的
祈使句+ and +陈述句前后是统一的
or 或 and 后的陈述句,常用一般将来时
努力学习 否则你不会通过考试。 Study hard or you won't pass the exam
努力学习 你就会通过考试。 Study hard and you will pass the exam
两句都可以转换成“ If 条件句+主句”形式,注意:要去掉 or 和 and :
如果你不努力学习,你就不会通过考试。 If you don't study hard you won't pass the exam
努力学习 你就会通过考试。 If you study hard you will pass the exam
because 通常表示说话人认为这种理由或者原因是听话人所不知道的
他没有参加会议,因为他有太多的工作要做。 He didn't attend the meeting because he had too much work to do
since 表示的原因是人们已知的事实,常译作“既然”。
既然他不能回答这个问题,你最好问问别人。 Since he can't answer this question you'd better ask someone else
as 表示原因与 since 差别不大,只是语气更弱 多译为“由于”
因为我没看过这部电影,我不能告诉你我有什么想法。 as I haven't seen the film I can't tell you what I think of it
for 表示因果关系时,只能放在主句之后,不能放在句首。而且经常是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。
昨晚下雨了 因为地面是湿的。 it rained last night for the ground is wet
当某事正在进行的时候,又发生了另一件事。 While, when, as, 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。
当我走在街上我看到一辆警车。 as I was walking down the street I noticed a police car When I was walking down the street I noticed a police car While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car
当两个长动作同时进行的时候,最常用的是 while 。
母亲烹饪午餐的时候 我正在做我的家庭作业。 While mother was cooking lunch I was doing my homework
当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时,最常用的是 as 。
随着孩子年龄的增长 他们对身边的事物越来越感兴趣。 as children get older they become more and more interested in things around them
当两个短动作同时发生时,或表示“一边 一边 ”时,最常用 as 。
正当他抓苍蝇时 他大哭起来。 Just as he caught the fly he gave a loud cry
当她去时她不时回头看 She looked behind from time to time as she went
当从句的动作先于主句的动作时,通常用 when
当他完成他的工作 他短暂的休息了一下。 When he finished his work he took a short rest
当从句是瞬间动作,主句是延续性动作时,通常用 when 。
当约翰到达我在烹饪午餐。 When John arrived I was cooking lunch
if 和 whether 都可作“是否”讲,在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。
我想知道你是否还在那所学校学习。 I wonder whether you still study in that school I wonder if you still study in that school
我不知道他是否喜欢那部电影。 I don't know whether he likes that film I don't know if he likes that film
他是否会来参加晚会是未知的。 Whether he will come to the party is unknown
问题是我是否能通过考试。 The question is whether I can pass the exam
我还没有下定决心是否去那儿。 I haven't made up my mind whether to go there or not
我不知道是否会有人买。 I don't know whether people will buy it or not