主谓一致 是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。

三个基本原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。

语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系，主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；反之，谓语动词用复数形式。

我的孩子不想与我一起度假。My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me ,

我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me ,

意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面上的语法标记。

主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。

唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers ,

大多数小学老师都是女的。The majority of primary school teachers are women ,

主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。

没有消息就是好消息。No news is good news ,

桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities ,

就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时，谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。

餐厅中央有一张方桌和几把椅子。There is a square table and some chairs in the center of the dining room ,

不是你的学生就是威廉知道这件事。Either your students or William knows this ,

一般说来，究竟何时采用何种原则，应视英语习惯用法而定。遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法。

用  both ,或者 and 连接并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。

榔头和锯子都是有用的工具。a hammer and a saw are useful tools ,

这几年工农业大大地发展了。Both industry and agriculture have been greatly developed these years ,

当 and 连接的两个名词是指组合到一起的一件完整的或成套的东西，或表示同一个人或一种概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting ,

针线给了她，但她不会把钮扣缝起来。a needle and thread was given to her but she could not sew the button on ,

 针线，作为同一件东西对待 a needle and thread

早睡早起是个好习惯。Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit ,

早睡早起，被看成同一概念 going to bed early and getting up early

他经常以黄油面包当早餐。Bread and butter is his usual breakfast ,

远方看见一辆马车。a cart and horse was seen in the distance ,

英语中并列结构的词语有时表示整体概念

 钢铁iron and steel

 治安law and order

黄油面包bread and butter

一块带链的表a watch and chain

 刀叉a knife and fork

配有领带的上衣a coat and tie

目的aim and end

 真诚truth and honesty

一个名词为几个并列形容词所修饰时，这时主语和谓语动词的一致关系一般遵循语法一致的原则。

聪明的和迟钝的学生都受到相同的对待。Clever and slow students are treated alike ,

昨天在花园里发现一只黑白色的小花猫。a black and white kitten was found in the garden yesterday ,

一只黑狗和一只白狗正在院子里玩。（两只狗）a black and a white dogs are playing in the yard ,

一只黑白花狗正在院子里玩。 ( 一只狗 )a black and white dog is playing in the yard ,

在 each ,或者 and each ,或者 every ,或者 and every ,或者 no ,或者 and no ,或者等结构之后，谓语动词用单数形式。

每个男孩和女孩都有苹果。Each boy and each girl has an apple ,

每一小时，每一分钟，都很宝贵。Every hour and every minute is precious ,

荒岛上既看不到鸟也看不到野兽。No bird and no beast is seen on the lonely island ,

带有并列动词的 what 从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定动词的数。

他的言行不一致。（具体指他说的话和他做的事）What he says and does do not agree ,

他的言行与我无关。（泛指他的为人）What he says and does does not concern me ,

在某些成语中，一些并列主语用 and 相连时，其后谓语用单数形式。

光工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也会变傻。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy ,

早睡早起使人健康、富有、聪慧。Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise ,

以 either,或者or, 或者neither ,或者 nor, 或者not,或者 but, 或者not only,或者 but also, 等连接的名词、代词作并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。

他和我今天都不愿去购物。Neither he nor I am willing to go shopping today ,

 是你还是他将去那里？Are either you or he to go there?,

一个也不去。Neither is ,

不只是莱特兄弟在那里，连他们的父亲也在。Not only the Writer brothers but also their father was there ,

被邀请去参加晚会的不是学生，而是他们的老师。 Not the students but their teachers were invited to the party ,