主谓一致3
有些无生命(表示物)的集合名词作主语,谓语用单数。
我房间里的家具都是新的。All the furniture in my room is new ,
在寒冷的气候中,保暖的衣服是必需的。Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates ,
这些机器是由电力驱动的。The machinery is driven by electricity ,
你的行李已经运到了吗? Has your luggage arrived yet ?
这里需要大量徒步旅行的装备。a lot of hiking equipment is needed here ,
名词性物主代词作主语时,既可以用作单数,也可以用作复数,这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
我们的是一个伟大的国家。 ours = our country Ours is a great country ,
你的鞋是黑色的,我的是棕色的。 mine = my shoes Your shoes are black and mine are brown ,
such或者 the same 等指示代词作主语时,应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
爱因斯坦就是这样一个俭朴而又取得巨大成就的人。Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man with great achievements ,
她的愿望就这些。Such are her wishes ,
关系代词 who 或者that 或者which 等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数一致。
那些想去野餐的人请举手。Those who want to go for a picnic please put up your hands ,
一些被人类使用的能量来自于太阳。Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun ,
在 one of +复数名词+ who或者that或者which 引导的定语从句结构中,关系代词 who或者that或者which 的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是 one ,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但当 one 之前有 the或者 the only 等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是 one ,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应是单数形式。
这是今年所放的最佳电影中的一部。This is one of the best films that have been shown this year ,
她是这么多女孩中唯一歌唱得最好的。She is the only one of the girls who sings best ,
疑问代词 who 或者what 或者which 作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
谁住在楼上?小王。Who lives upstairs? it is Xiao Wang ,
谁住在隔壁?李和张。Who live next door? it is Li and Zhang ,
some或者 all 或者any或者 none或者 more 或者most 等词可以指复数名词和不可数名词,它们作主语时,视其文中的意义,判断动词用单数还是复数的形式。
一切都已改变。Now all has been changed ,
班长回答说:李老师,今天大家全到了。“All are present today, Mr Li,”answered the monitor ,
没有人像他那么好。None is so good as he ,
没有人像那些总是乐于助人的人那么好。None are so good as those who are always ready to help others ,
在口语中, none of +复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数或复数均可,要以说话人所想的而定。
这些电话都坏了。None of the telephones work ,
None of the telephones works ,
我们中谁也没去过大连。None of us have been to Dalian ,
None of us has been to Dalian ,
some或者 all 或者any或者 none或者 more或者 most 等词接 of 时,若 of 的宾语为不可数名词,动词用单数形式,若 of 的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词用复数形式。
他的大部分业余时间都花在读书上了。Most of his spare time was spent in reading ,
色盲的人大多数是男的。Most of the colour blind people are men ,
数词作主语,不论指人还是指物,谓语通常用复数。
二十人知道这个秘密。About twenty know the secret ,
丢了六个。Six are missing ,
“ more than one +单数名词”结构作主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词用单数形式。但“ more +复数名词+ than one ”结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
不止一个人知道了这个消息。More than one person has known the news ,
很多学生同意你的计划。More students than one are for your proposal ,
one out of ten 或 one in ten 结构作主语,谓语动词应按照语法一致的原则,用单数。
在这场事故中有十分之一的人受了伤。One out of ten was badly injured in the accident ,
“ a +单数名词+ or two ”结构作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。但“ one or two +复数名词”结构作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
这里缺一两个词。a word or two is missing here ,
一两个朋友今晚要来吃晚饭。One or two friends are coming for dinner this evening ,
“ many a +单数名词”结构作主语,谓语动词需用单数形式。
许多乘客在这一次事故中丧生。Many a passenger was killed in the accident ,
有好几个男孩到过那城堡。Many a boy has been to the castle ,
“ one and a half +复数名词”结构作主语,谓语动词需用单数形式。
桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。One and a half bananas is left on the table ,
一年半时间过去了。One and a half years has passed ,
“分数或百分数+ of +名词”结构作主语,其谓语动词要与短语中 of 后面的名词的数保持一致。
地球表面四分之三是海洋。Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea ,
在场的三分之二的人反对这个计划。Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan ,
每年大约有百分之十的森林被毁。Around ten percent of the forest is destroyed each year ,
用 plus 或者and 表示“加”,用 minus 表示“减”,和用 times 表示“乘”时,动词多用单数,但也可用复数。
二加二是四。Two and two is four ,
Two and two are four ,
十乘五等于五十。Ten times five is fifty ,
Ten times five are fifty ,
用 from 表示“从 中扣除,被减”, multiplied by 表示“被乘”或 divided by 表示“被除”,其谓语动词用单数。
十减八等于二。eight from ten leaves two,
二十五除以五等于五。twenty-five divided by five equals five,