倒装4
句子谓语是 go,或者come,或者run 等表示位置的动词和 be 动词,句中又有表示方位的副词 there,或者here,或者up 或者, down,或者out,或者in ,或者 away 等,为了强调该副词,可将其放于句首,而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
去北京的火车来了。Here comes the train to Beijing ,
铃响了。There goes the bell ,
下雨了。Down came the rain ,
主语是人称代词时,主语仍置于动词之前。
他离开了。Away he comes ,
它来了。Here it comes ,
为了强调句中的状语或表语,为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密,可将状语或表语置于句首,句中主语和谓语完全倒装。
校长坐在大厅的前部。at the front of the hall sat the headmaster ,
在这段里能找到答案。in this paragraph can be found an answer ,
为了强调 only 及其所修饰的状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句),则将它们移到句首,句中的主谓作部分倒装。
直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。Only then did we realize that the man was blind ,
直到一九一八年战争结束后,他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。Only when the war was over in nineteen eighteen was he able to get happily back to work ,
将含有否定意义的副词( never,或者seldom,或者not,或者little,或者hardly 等)置于句首以示强调时,句中的主谓作部分倒装。
一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person ,
为了强调“ not a +名词”或“ not a single +名词”结构,将其置于句首时,句中的主谓作部分倒装。
在上次会议上他一句话都没说。Not a word did he say at the last meeting ,
Hardly, when,或者no sooner, than,或者not only, but also, 引导两个分句时,将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装,后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。
他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him ,
我刚刚离开家就下雨了。No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain ,
neither, nor 或者not, nor 引导两个分句时,这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装。
我不知道她的地址,他也不知道。Neither do I know her address,nor does he ,
那个病人既不能吃,也不能喝。Not could the patient eat,nor could he drink ,
在“ so +形容词 that 分句”结构中,将“ so +形容词”置于句首以示强调时,其后的系动词 be 则要移到主语前面,形成主谓的完全倒装。
她激动得一句话也说不出来。So moved was she that she could not say a word ,
在“ so +副词 that 分句”结构中,将“ so +副词”置于句首以示强调时,其后的主谓作部分倒装。
他的声音那么大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him ,
光速如此之快,我们很难想象。So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed ,
“ So +助动词+主语”是一种常用于对前面所说的情况作简短回答的句型。
我迟到了,她也迟到了。I was late and so was she ,
他们喜欢广交朋友,残疾人也一样。They love having lots of friends,so do those with disabilities ,
“ Neither 或者Nor +助动词+主语”是用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。
她不走,我也不。She won't go ,Neither will I ,
She won't go ,Nor will I ,
我不会游泳,他也不会。I cannot swim ,Neither can he,
当 if 引导的虚拟条件从句中含有 had,或者were 或者 should 等时,将 if 省略,则要将 had,或者were 或者 should 等移到主语前,作部分或完全倒装。
若你昨天来,你就会见到他了。Had you come yesterday,you would have seen him ,
表示存在的句型“ There be +主语”也属于倒装句之列。
房间里有三把椅子,一张桌子和一台电脑。There are three chairs,a desk and a computer in the room ,
“ Only +副词或者介词短语或者状语从句”位于句首句子要采用半倒装。
只有这样才能学会英语。Only in this way can we learn English ,
我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。Only when we landed did we see how badly the plane had been damaged ,
只有你把太阳放在那 天空中其它星体的运动才说得清楚。Only you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make clear ,
在 only 后作状语的是从句时,从句不要用倒装,要部分倒装的是主句。
只有下雨时才觉得凉爽一点。Only when it rains do you feel cool ,
当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened ,
only if “只要”引导陈述语气的条件句, if only “但愿”通常引导含虚拟语气的条件句。
我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school ,
但愿我还能再看见她一次。if Only it were possible for me to see her once more !,