词语重点3
asleep/sleeping
二者都是形容词。asleep仅用作表语,不能作定语,表示“睡着,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定语,放在名词前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”意思。
我们不能说:an asleep baby,但可以说:a sleeping baby 一个熟睡的婴儿 。
再He was asleep with his head on his arms 他头枕着手臂在熟睡。
sleeping dog正在熟睡的狗 sleeping car卧车 sleeping bag睡袋
assert,affirm,maintain
assert宣称、断言,常指某人主观自信,坚持己见,有时不顾客观事实而断言下结论。
affirm指以事实为依据,深信不疑地肯定某种观点或看法。
maintain指在相反的证据或论点面前,重申原来的某种观点、立场。
A Despite all the policeman’s questions the suspect ___ that he had been at home all evening
尽管警察问了那么多问题,嫌疑犯还是认定他整晚都在家里。
B It is nonsense to ___ that smoking does not damage people’s health
断言吸烟不会损害人们的健康是胡说。
C Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___ his innocence
邓恩在监禁期间一直坚称自己是无辜的。
Answers:A affirmed B assert C maintained
as though;even though;though
as though =as if ,意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。
He spoke as though /as if he had been here before 他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。
It looks as if / as though it is going to rain 看起来好像要下雨。
even though =even if ,意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;even though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实,even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。
He will not tell the secret even though / even if he knows it 即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来。
He will not tell the secret though he knows it 他虽然知道这个秘密,但他不会说出来。
at the beginning;in the beginning
at the beginning 在……初;在……开始的时候。常与of连用。
Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term 学生们在开学初制定学习计划。
in the beginning 相当于at first,表示“起初、开始”时,含“起初是这种情况,而后来却不是这种情况”之意,不与of连用。
In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics 起初我们有些人对物理不感兴趣。
attack assail assault charge beset 都含有"攻击"的意思。
attack 是常用词 指"攻击敌人"或"用言论攻击他人"
Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in nineteen forty-one 德国在一九四一年开始进攻苏联。
assail 指"猛烈连续地攻击"
The enemy plane assailed our defence position 敌机不断猛烈地攻击我们的阵地。
assault 语气比 assail强 指"突然猛烈地进攻" 暗示"武力的直接接触" 如肉搏等 也有"暴力"的意思 The enemy assaulted us at dawn 敌人在黎明时向我进攻。
charge 指"冲击"或"骑兵的突然攻击"
The cavalry charged to the front 骑兵猛烈向前线冲击。
beset 指"围攻" 即从各个方向攻击
In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes 在沼泽地里 我们受到蚊子的围攻。
at the age of/by the age of
at the age of表示“在……岁时”,后面接基数词,强调某一时刻的情况或动作,用于一般过去时,作时间状语。
At the age of six,he began to learn English 他六岁的时候开始学英语。
She learned to play the piano at the age of ten 她十岁的时候学弹钢琴。
by the age of,表示“到……岁的时候”、“在……岁以前”,后面接基数词,强调到某一时刻为止的结果,用于过去完成时或将来完成时,作时间状语。
By the age of sixteen,he had learned to drive a car 到十六岁的时候,他已经学会了开小汽车。
You will have learned more than two thousand English words by the age of fourteen . 到你十四岁的时候,你将学会两千多个英语单词。
at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time
at the time通常用于过去时句子中,指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时”。
Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time 当时,许多人都看到了这件奇怪的事情的发生。
有时,at the time的后面可接“of, ”短语。这时,它表示“在 某事态 发生的时候”或“在……的时代”。
Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in nineteen eighty-nine ? 一九八九年旧金山发生地震时,你在那里吗?
It happened at the time of King Alfred 事情发生在阿尔弗雷德国王时期。
at that time 则通常指前文明确提到的某个时期、时候。通常其后不带“of ”短语。
In the seventeenth century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan .在十七世纪,许多玉米种植在西藏和四川。
At that time the land along the Yangtze River was becoming very crowded 那时,长江沿岸的土地变得非常拥挤。
at one time=during a period of time in the past意为“过去有一段时期”,“曾经”。
They used to be good friends at one time 他们曾经是好朋友。
at a time则意为“一次”,表示一个时间单位。它常与表示数量的词语连用,表示频率。
Don’t speak all at once. One at a time please 不要同时一起说。一次只一个人说。
Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time 这些药每天服三次,每次服三粒。