高兴；乐趣；有趣的人或事fun,

 为了高兴；为着好玩for fun,

我这么做只是为了好玩。I only did it for fun,

 开  的玩笑；取笑make fun of,

取笑残疾人是错误的。It is wrong to make fun of a cripple,

跛子 ; 瘸子 ; 残疾人 ; 伤残人 ; 使残废 ; 使跛 cripple,

 笑(某人)；嘲笑laugh at,

嘲笑有麻烦的人是不友善的。It's unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble,

 开(某人的)玩笑play a joke on,

手段；办法means,

 用  ；依靠  by means of,

水可以通过管道输送。The water may be carried by means of a pipe,

浑身解数;  千方百计，每一种方法every means,

 他不知道怎样公平待人，尽一切可能对其他人不公平对待He doesn't know how to play fair; with other fellow by every means possible,

 应该充分利用每一种方法来解决问题。Every means should be made full use of to solve the problem,

 我们需要使用一切手段来实现我们的目标。We need to exploit every means at our disposal to achieve our goals,

 好吧，我听候你的吩咐。Well, I'm at your disposal,

 开发 ; 利用 ; 剥削 ; 发挥 ; 压榨 ; 运用exploit,

 处置 ; 处理 ; 去掉 ; 清除 ; 变卖，disposal,

 一定；务必；(表示同意)当然可以，没问题：务必，无论如何，千方百计地by all means,

设法说服他来Try by all means to persuade him to come,

Try by every means to persuade him to come,

 完全不是；一点也不；决不by no means,

这绝不是你第一次迟到。This is by no means the first time you have been late,

 用这种方法； by this means,

 用一切可能的方法或手段by any means,

学生们有时靠夜班来养活自己。Students sometimes support themselves by means of evening job,

“通过某种手段”。by means of,

 正常的；正规的normal,

正常的温度，正常的行为 the normal temperature,

正常的温度，正常的行为normal behavior,

 规则的；有规律的regular,

 生活有规律；按时作息keep regular hours,

普通的；常见的 通常的 ; 共有的 ; 共享的 common,

 共有的；共同的 常见的 ; 通常的 ; 普遍的 be common in，

这种情况在如今的美国很普遍。This is common in modern-day America. 

汤姆在英国是个普通的名字，Tom is a common name in Britain,

 有着共同爱好have a common interest,

 惯常的；惯例的usual,

他通常步行去办公室。It's usual with him to go to the office on foot,

 平凡的；普通的  ordinary,

穿着普通的衣服。in ordinary dress,

 突然；同时 all at once,

 立刻，马上；同时at once,

 偶尔，有时，间或every once in a while,

once in a while,

 他偶尔来我们房中闲谈。He comes to our room for a chat every once in a while,

就这一次；  破例一回for this once,

for once,

just for once,

 不止一次，多次more than once,

 一次也不not once,

再一次once again,

 once more,

一再，再三once and again,

 一两次；有时，偶尔once or twice,

又(多了)一次，一次又一次，once too often,

经常放我鸽子Stood me up once too often

从前once upon a time,

一旦我们学到了一些东西，额外的学习会延长我们记住它的时间。Once we have learned something, additional learning increases the length of time we will remember it,

宁愿；更喜欢prefer,

prefer, +某人或者某物

这男孩更喜欢侦探小说。The boy preferred a detective story,

侦探 ; 警探 ; 私人侦探 ; 侦查的detective 

 prefer, +动名词

你喜欢住在国外吗？Do you prefer living abroad?,

宁愿做什么prefer to do,

她喜欢生活在劳动人民中间。She prefers to live among the working people,

宁愿某人做某事。prefer somebody to do something,

她宁愿他待在家里。She preferred him to stay at home,

prefer, +名词或者动名词+ to,+名词或者动名词 喜欢  而不喜欢  

 与乡村相比，我更喜欢城镇。I prefer the town to the country,

他在办公室时宁愿做点什么也不愿什么也不做。 While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing,

  宁愿  而不愿 prefer to do rather than do,

would rather do than do,

我宁愿步行去那里，也不愿坐公共汽车去。 I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus,

prefer, + 从句(谓语动词用should do，should,可省略)  

她宁愿他在厨房里做这件事。She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen,

保护，防御protection ,

 防止  遭受  ；使  免于，保护  使不受protect somebody from,

protect somebody against,

克拉克在俱乐部因其成功的自我保护而备受钦佩Clarke was greatly admired at the club for the successful self-protection,

自鸣得意;沾沾自喜self-satisfaction,

他自鸣得意，忘乎所以。 He was giddy with self-satisfaction,

头晕 ; 眩晕 ; 发狂，举止反常 ; 令人眩晕的 ;   giddy,

自尊 self-respect,

永远不要通过改变你的核心信念来损害你的自尊。Never compromise your self-respect by altering your core beliefs,

妥协 ; 折中 ; 互让 ; 和解 ; 妥协方案 compromise,

自助服务 ; 自助 ; 自我服务的 ; 自选的 self-service,

 那家小餐馆提供价格低廉、方便快捷的自助餐。The cafe provides quick self-service at low prices,

“自我保护”。self-protection,

分离 ; 分开 ; 分割 ; 划分 ; 分散 ; 隔开 separate,

分开，分离separation,

 把A和B分开separate A from B,

  A和B为  所分开,阻隔A is separated from B by,

  把  分成(几分)separate something up into,

separate something into,

 指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”。separate,

 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”。divide,

指“把密切相关的人或物分开”，还有“分手”之意。part,

当我们进入人群时，我和朋友们分开了。As we joined the big crowd I got separated from my friends,

“被隔开；被分隔”。get separated,

 老师通过听写和背诵提高了学生的英语水平。The teacher improved the students' English by means of dictation and recitation,

口述 ; 听写dictation,

背诵 ; 朗读 ; 逐一列举 ; 逐个叙述recitation,

所有这些商品花了我将近50万美元。 All the goods cost me almost half a million dollars,

 我们必须保护野生动物不被猎杀。We must protect the wild animals from the hunting,

 每个婴儿出生后都应该分开。Every baby should be separated after he is born,

 敌人进村时，他们谁也不怕死。None of them feared death when the enemy came into the village,

人太多了，所以你应该提前买票。There are too many people, so you should have bought a ticket in advance,

穿着；戴；蓄须(发)；磨损；(脸容)呈现，显出 wear,

他今天穿着大衣。He is wearing an overcoat today,

 (把) 穿破；(把) 用坏；(使) 疲乏；(使) 耗尽wear out,

我的鞋子磨坏了。I have worn out my shoes,

我的耐心耗尽了。My patience wore out,

My patience was worn out,

 穿上；戴上(侧重穿着的动作)put on,

穿上毛衣，否则你会觉得冷。Put on your sweater, otherwise you will feel cold,

 给  穿衣服 ,衣服；连衣裙dress,

给某人穿上衣服。dress somebody in something, be dressed in something,

注意：穿的衣服接在in,之后。

母亲给孩子穿好衣服，然后他们下楼去了。Mother dressed her baby and then they went downstairs,

 表示穿着的状态，注意不能用进行时。have on,

春节时，所有的孩子都穿上了新衣服。At the Spring Festival, all children have on new clothes,

表示穿着的状态 be in,

有一个穿红衣服的女孩。There was a girl in red,

 试穿   try on,

母亲正在试穿一件新衣服。Mother was trying on a new dress,

打；敲；击；击中；射中 hit,

 他把球打过了栅栏。 He hit a ball over the fence,

石头击中了他的头。The stone hit him on the head,

使  受到打击hit,

这个坏消息给每个人都造成了沉重的打击。 The bad news hit every one hard,

连续有节奏地打；敲beat,

雨水打在窗户上。The rain heat against the window,

 (心)跳动 beat,

他的心脏停止了跳动。His heart had stopped beating,

 (鸟翼) 扑动beat,

这只鸟在飞行时迅速拍打着翅膀。 The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on,

 打败；打赢；取胜beat,

我们的冠军能打败全国所有的赛跑选手。Our champion can beat all runners in the country,

打；敲；击；砍；打中；击中strike,

他用拳头打我。He struck me with his fist,

房子被闪电击中了。The house was struck by lightning,

发起进攻；袭击strike,

当动物袭击时，他走开了。He moved away as the animal struck,

撞；触(礁)strike,

他跌倒时头撞在桌子上。His head struck the table as he fell,

擦(火柴)strike,

我划了根火柴，把它放在他的香烟上。I struck a match and held it to his cigarette,

(某种想法) 忽然出现；忽然想起，相当于occur to,。strike,

她产生了一个快乐的想法。A happy thought struck her,

给人深刻印象(常用于被动语态)strike,

我被她的美貌打动了。I was struck by her beauty,

罢工  strike,

他们正在罢工争取更高的工资。They are striking for higher pay,

 (钟)敲(响)  strike,

我们等着时钟敲响六下。We waited for the clock to strike six,

 可作形容词，表示“彻底的；全面的”。complete,

complete, 作及物动词，只接名词或者代词，常用于完成预定的任务，工程建设等

铁路尚未完工。The railway is not completed yet,

finish,指完成，结束一件事情；可接名词或者代词或动名词。

完成作业。finish one's homework,

完成中学学业。finish one's middle school,

写完这本书。finish one's writing the book,

砍倒 减少；削减cut down,

如果你把所有的树都砍掉，你就会毁掉这片土地。If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land,

我已决定戒烟。I have decided to cut down my smoking,