many , much 的用法
许多学生参加体育锻炼。 Many of the students have sports
他没有多少时间复习功课了。 He has not got much time to go over his lessons
我们是多数,你们是少数。 We are many ; you are few
她有许多工作要去做。 She has much work to do
疑问代词有 who , whom , whose , what 和 which 等。
明天谁会来这里吗? Who is going to come here tomorrow
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which,
我讨厌那些话很多但无所作为的人。 I hate people who talk much but do little
it的用法小结
指代上文提到的名词
有一支钢笔在书桌上。它是我的 There is a pen on the desk it 's mine
表示时间,天气,距离等
雨很大。 it 's raining so heavily
做句子的形式主语
村民们花了十年建造这条路。 it took the villagers ten years to build that road
做句子的形式宾语
他们发现学好英语很难。 They found it hard to learn English well
我们真的认为在冬天 有些在河里游泳的人疯了。 We really think it crazy that some people swim in rivers in winter
她的病使运动成为一个难题。 Her illness made it a problem to have sports
强调句中 it is that, / who,
天气不好 使我们迷路了。 it 's the bad weather that made us lose our way
人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语
约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。 John waited a while but eventually he went home
约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she
说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中
约翰一到就直接去银行了。 When he arrived John went straight to the bank
人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语,
我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。 I saw her with them at least I thought it was her
her 做宾语, them 做介词宾语, her 作主语补语
谁打碎了花瓶? Who broke the vase
我。 me 作主语补语 it's me Me
说明:在上面两例句中, her 和 me 分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格,在正式文体中这里应为 she 和 I 。
宾格代替主格
在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在 not 后,多用宾语。
我喜欢英语。 I like English
我也喜欢。 Me too
再来点酒喝吗 Have more wine
我可不要了。 Not me
在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留,则主语只能用主格。
他比我高 He is taller than I
He is taller than me
主格代替宾格
在介词 but , except 后,有时可用主格代替宾格。
在电话用语中常用主格。
我想和玛丽通话。 I wish to speak to Mary
我就是玛丽。 This is she
注意:在动词 be 或 to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。
我以为是她。 I thought it was she
I thought it to be her
我被当成了她。 I was taken to be she
他们把我当成了她。 They took me to be her
不定代词 anybody , everybody , nobody , anyone , someone , everyone , no one ,及 whoever 和 person 在正式场合使用时,可用 he, his ,him 代替。
谁也没来,是吗 Nobody came, did he?
动物名词的指代一般用 it 或 they 代替,有时也用 he she ,带有亲切的感情色彩。
给这猫一些吃的。她饿了。 Give the cat some food She is hungry
指代车或国家,船舶的名词,含感情色彩时常用 she 。
如果英国想要对欧洲未来的发展产生重要影响的话,就需要新的领导层 Britain needs new leadership if she is to help shape Europe's future
你, 他和我应该按时回来。 You, he and I should return on time
复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称 第二人称第三人称 we, you, They
注意:在下列情况中,第一人称放在前面。
在承认错误,承担责任时,
是我和约翰惹她生气了。 it was I and John that made her angry
在长辈对晚辈,长官对下属说话时,如长官为第一人称,
我和你试图完成它。 I and you try to finish it
并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时,
当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。