我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。 I like basketball , football and table-tennis
他站起来,戴上了帽子。 He got up and put on his hat
我去颐和园,他去北海公园。 I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Beihai Park
祈使句, and = If you , you'll
动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。 Use your head , and you'll find a way
如果你动动脑子,你就会想出办法。 If you use your head , you'll find a way
快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。 Hurry up , and you'll catch the bus
如果你快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。 If you hurry up , you'll catch the bus
或,或者,否则 or
李明是北京人还是上海人呢? is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai?
or 表示“或”的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。
你喜欢咖啡还是茶? Would you like coffee or tea ?
我或者汤姆是对的。 Tom or I am right
李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。 Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room
祈使句, or = If you don't , you'll
同 and 一样, or 在祈使句中的用法,译成“请 ,否则 ”,有转折的意思。
快点吧,否则你就会误了公共汽车。 Hurry up , or you'll miss the bus
如果你不快点,你就会误了这班车。 If you don't hurry up , you'll miss the bus
好好学吧,否则你考试就会不及格。 Study hard , or you'll fail in the exam
如果你不努力学习,你考试就会不及格。 If you don't study hard , you'll fail in the exam
or 疑问句的读法 or 前面的部分用升调,后面的部分用降调。
or 构成的词组作为主语时系动词和谓语动词的单复数采用就近原则
但是,可是,而 but
他老了,但他看起来很年轻。 He is old , but he looks very young
李莉喜欢小提琴,(但是)不喜欢钢琴。 Lili likes violin but doesn't like piano
but 后面省略了主语 Li Li ,因为与前面的主语成分相同
玛丽喜欢小提琴,而汤姆不喜欢。 Mary likes violin , but Tom doesn't
doesn't 后面省略了 like violin ,因为与前面的成分相同
他不是(一个)老师,而是医生。 He isn't a teacher but a doctor
他们到这儿来,不是要钱,而是要命。 They came here not for money but for the life
but 所连接的句子,句中如果某些成分与前面相同,则可以省略。
开始下雨了,我们不得不呆在这儿了。 it began to rain , so we had to stay here
所以,因此,于是 so
我们老师让我去,因此我就去了。 My teacher asked me to go , so I went
so 除了作连词外,也可以作副词。
我希望你能通过考试。 I hope you can pass the exam
我也希望。 I hope so
别走得太快。 Don't walk so fast
因为 for
我很快就入睡了,因为我太累了。 I soon went to sleep , for I was tired
太阳升起来了,小鸟在唱歌。 The sun has risen , for the birds are singing
for 也可译为“因为”,但是它没有什么因果关系,不像 because 那样,而 for 只是说明解释而已。
和,既 也 both and
他既会拉小提琴,又会弹钢琴。 He can play both the violin and the piano
both and 构成的词组作为主语时,谓语动词用复数。
李明和李莉都是好学生。 Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students
注意在both and 句型中, and 连接的词或词组要对等。
both and 的否定句表示部分否定。
他会拉小提琴或者会弹钢琴。(不全会) He can't play both the violin and the piano
李明和李莉不都是好学生。(其中一个是好学生) Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students
我想参观天津或者上海。 I want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai
中文和英文我全不喜欢。 I like neither English nor Chinese
或 或 不是 就是 either or
either or 构成的词组作为主语时,谓语动词随其邻近的 词,即 or 后面的词而定。
不是你,就是他是对的。 Either you or he is right
either or 的否定句是全否定。
你和他都不对。 Either you or he isn't right
天津和上海我都不想参观。 I don't want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai
既不 也不 neither nor
当此词组担任主语时,谓语动词的用法和 either or 的用法一样,由 nor 后面的词而定。
你和我都不对。 Neither you nor I am right
此句型本身是全否定,因此不能再用否定式,即不能再加 not 。
我喜欢 A和 B 。 I like both A and B
我喜欢咖啡和茶。(茶和咖啡我都喜欢) I like both coffee and tea
我不喜欢 A 或 B 。 I don't like both A and B
I like either A or B
咖啡和茶,我喜欢一样儿。 I like either coffee or tea
I don't like both coffee and tea
A 和 B 我都不喜欢。 I don't like either A or B
I like neither A nor B
咖啡和茶,我都不喜欢。 I like neither coffee nor tea
I don't like either coffee or tea