昨天我听见他们唱歌了。I heard them sing yesterday
你看见他出去了吗?Did you see him go out?
我感到有什么东西爬到我腿上了。I felt something crawl up my leg
转为被动语态时,原不带 to 的不定式要变成带 to 的不定式。 notice 和 watch 没有被动语态。
看见这辆车停了下来。The car was seen to stop
我们看见这辆车停了下来。We saw the car stop
使役动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带 to 。这类动词有: make,let,have 等。转为被动语态时,其后通常都用带 to 的不定式( have 没有被动语态)。
动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了 to
一感二听三让四观看。
一感: feel,
二听: hear,listen to,
三让: let , have,make,
四观看: observe,see,watch, look at,
你要我做什么?What would you have me do?
她让他戒了烟。She made him give up smoking
他想干什么就让他干吧。Let him do whatever he wishes to do
虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹,但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。Though he had often made his little sister cry,today he was made to cry by his little sister
在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有: consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove 。 to be +形容词或名词结构, think,consider,find 后的 to be 常可省略。
我们认为他是一个好老师。We consider him a good teacher
We consider him to be a good teacher
他证明那个理论是很重要的。He proved that theory to be very important
He proved that theory very important
我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好,很诚实。I thought her to be nice and honest the first time I met her
I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her
在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有: love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect 等。
我希望你不要打扰他。I'd prefer you to leave him alone
我不想有任何麻烦。I don't want there to be any trouble
动词 advise,allow,ask,beg,command,tell,invite,force,oblige,get,help,encourage,persuade,permit,remind,request,order,warn,cause 等后面,多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。
我们不容许这种事情再发生。We don't allow such things to happen again
大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke
她请我在她不在的时候接电话。She asked me to answer the phone in her absence
请提醒我留给她这张纸条。Please remind me to leave her this note
她邀请他一同去。She requested him to go with her
hope,demand,suggest 等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
我希望你能帮我一把。I hope you can give me a hand
我希望你能帮我一把。I wish you to give me a hand
他要求我们出席会议。He demanded that we should be present at the meeting
他要求我们出席会议。He required us to be present at the meeting
李先生建议她不要独自去那里。Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone
动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
我正等着詹姆斯的到来。I'm waiting for James to arrive
他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station
联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire
带介词的短语动词有:
号召call on
安排arrange for
盼望long for
等待wait for
依靠depend on
指望rely on
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后,和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和修饰关系。
我们的未来会十分美好的。The future to greet us will be bright
他总是第一个来最后一个离开。He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave
下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。The next train to arrive was from New York
星期天,他总是有许多信要写On Sundays,he always has a lot of letters to write
老师给我们留了许多道题要解答。The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve
他找不到可交朋友的人。He can find no one to make friends with