直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时，多采用宾语从句结构，既可用 what 或者 how 引导，也可用 that 引导。

老师对他说，你是个聪明的孩子啊！“What a  clever boy you are !” my teacher said to  him ,

老师对他说他是一个多聪明的孩子啊。 My teacher told him what a  clever boy he was ,

老师说他是一个非常聪明的孩子。 My teacher told him that he was a  very clever boy ,

他说：你看起来气色多好啊！He said，“ How well you look !”,

他说我看起来是气色多好啊。 He said how well I looked ,

他说我看起来气色很好。 He said that I looked very well ,

有些感叹句可以根据原句的意思，采用适当的动词变为陈述句，不需用间接宾语来转述。

他喊到：救命啊！“Help !” he cried ,

他大声呼救。 He called for help ,

他说：多么糟糕的天气！“What terrible weather it  is  !” he said ,

他抱怨这糟糕的天气。 He complained about the terrible weather ,

他说：圣诞快乐！“Happy Christmas !” he said ,

他祝我圣诞快乐。He wished me happy Christmas ,

直接引语中的时态，一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 现在完成进行时。相对应的间接引语中的时态，一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去完成进行时。

那老人说他自从一九六零年起就住在那条街上了。The old man said， “I have lived in  this street since nineteen sixty,”

The old man said that he had lived in  that street since nineteen sixty,

他问是不是正在下雨。He said， “is  it  raining ?”

He asked if  it  was raining ,

直接引语中的时态，一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时。相对应的间接引语中的时态，过去完成时 过去完成时或不变 过去完成进行时或不变

她告诉我她三天前已给她母亲写了一封信。She said to  me， “I wrote a  letter to  my parents three days ago ,”

 She told me that she had written a  letter to  her parents three days before ,

他问我前一天晚上七点在干什么。“What were you doing at  seven p m yesterday? ”he asked,

He asked me what I was doing at  seven p m the day before ,

直接引语中将来时间推移到间接引语中是过去将来时间

他说他们将在八点前准备好。He said， “We shall get ready by eight o'clock ,”

He said that they should get ready by eight o'clock ,

她告诉我他们约定在校门口见面。“We are to  meet at  the school gate ,” she said to  me ,

She told me that they were to  meet at  the school gate ,

主句为现在时或将来时，间接引语的时态保持不变。

他想她将在一个月后回来。He thinks，“ She will be  back in  a  month ,”

He thinks she will be  back in  a  month ,

他说他已接受了她的邀请。He says，“ I have accepted her invitation ,”

He says he has accepted her invitation ,

间接引语表示的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、客观事实、格言等。间接引语中动词表示的动作说话时仍在进行或状态仍然存在，时态可保持不变。

莎莎对我说：“我有两个弟弟。”Sarah said to  me，“ I have two brothers ,”,

莎莎告诉我说她有两个弟弟。（说话才认为这情况是真实的）Sarah told me that she has two brothers ,

莎拉告诉我说她有两个弟弟。（说话者对此没有什么把握）Sarah told me that she had two brothers ,

老师告诉学生地球围绕太阳转。The geography teacher said to  the students，“ The earth moves round the sun ,”

The geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun ,

他说是人皆有出头日。He said， “Every dog has his day ,”

He said that every dog has his day ,

他说玻璃窗碎了。He said，“ The window is  broken ,”

He said that the window is  broken ,

布朗刚才告诉我说，他儿子今天病了。Just now Brown said， “My son is  ill today ,”

Brown told me just now that his son is  ill today ,

间接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，仍可用一般过去时，不必改为过去完成时。

那女孩说她生于一九七八年。The girl said，“ I was born in  nineteen seventy-eight,”

The girl said that she was born in  nineteen seventy-eight,

她说她老师昨天很忙。She said，“ My teacher was busy yesterday ,”

She said that her teacher was busy yesterday ,