反意疑问句
一、祈使句后的反意疑问句:
肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用 will you, won't you, would you, can you, can't you 等来表达不同的含义。
在否定的祈使句后的反意疑问句通常只用 will you 。
1、表示“请求”,肯定祈使句的反意疑问句用 will you 。如:
① Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一下 好吗?
② Pass me a book, will you ?递给我一本书 好吗?
2、表示“邀请”、“劝诱”时,肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用 won't you 。如:
Have another cup of tea, won't you ?再来一杯茶 好吗
3、表示“催促”、“不耐烦”时,肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用 can't you 。如:
Stop talking, can't you ?停止说话 好吗?
4、用“ Let's ”开头的肯定祈使句表示“提议、建议、主张”,其后的反意疑问句用 shall we 。如:
Let's have a try, shall we ?我们再试一试 好不好?
Let's have a break, shall we ?我们休息一下吧,好不好?
Let's meet on Monday, shall we ?咱们星期一碰头吧,好不好?
但是以 Let us 或 Let me ,由于它有时表示请求,有时表示建议,所以要区别对待——表示请求时,附加部分用 will you ;表示建议时,附加部分用 shall we 。如:
Let us know your address, will you ?请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗
Let us go swimming together, shall we ?我们一起去游泳吧,好吗
Let us go now, will you ?让我们现在就走 好吗
5、否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用 will you 。如:
Don't take away my dictionary, will you ?不要把我的字典拿走,好吗
以 Let's not 开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句用 all right 或 OK 。如:
① Let's not go fishing, all right ?我们不要去钓鱼 好吧② Let's not talk about it any more, OK ? 让我们不再谈论它 好吧?
二、复合句的反意疑问:
复合句的反意疑问句的主、谓语要视其主要内容而定,不能一概说以主句为准还是以从句为准。
1、多数复合句后的反意疑问句的主、谓语同主句的主、谓语相一致。如:
① He said he was a teacher, didn't he ?他说他是一个老师 是吧 ② John thinks the rain is ending, doesn't he ?约翰认为雨就要停了 是吧
③ You don't mind if I go now, do you ? 如果我走了你不会介意,是吧
2、主句是 I / We think ( suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine, feel, am afraid, hear, say 等 ) 我/我们认为 ( 假设 考虑 相信 猜测 期待 想象 感觉 我害怕 听 说 ) +宾语从句时,反意疑问句的主、谓语应与宾语从句的主、谓语相一致。如:
① I don't think he will come, will he ?我不认为他会来 是吧② I heard that he was very honest, wasn't he ?我不认为他会来 是吧
3、并列复合句的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与相近的分句的主、谓语相一致。如:
John isn't a hard - working student, for he has been late for three times, hasn't he ?约翰不是一个勤奋的学生 他已经迟到三次 是吧
三、含有情态动词或助动词的反意疑问句:
1、当陈述部分含有情态动词 must ,其意义表示“必须、必要”时,其后的反意疑问句用 mustn't 或 needn't 。如:
① You must do it today, mustn't you ?今天你必须这么做 是吗 ② She must look after her sister, needn't she ? 她必须照顾她的妹妹 是吗
如果 must 的含义表示“一定是、想必”等推测意义时,其后的反意疑问句则要依据句中的谓语动词的时态结构采用 be / have / did / do + not 等相应形式。如:
① He must be ill, isn't he ?他一定是病了 是吧② You must have seen the film before, haven't you ? 你之前一定看过这部电影 不是吗
2、如果陈述部分用了 must have + P . P . ( 过去分词 ) ,但明示或暗示了过去的时间,其反意疑问句用过去时。如:
He must have seen him yesterday, didn't he ? 昨天他一定见过他 是吗
3、陈述部分含情态动词 ought to ,其后反意疑问句用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 均可。如:
① I ought to come here, oughtn't I? 我应该来这里 是吗 ② You ought to go by ship, shouldn't you ? 你应该坐船去 是吗
4、陈述部分含情态动词 used to ,其后反意疑问句用 usedn't 或 didn't 均可。如:
① Tom used to live here, usedn't he ?汤姆过去住在这里 是吗② They used to work in the shop, didn't they ? 他们曾经在商店里工作 是吗
5、陈述部分含有 have / has / had to 时,其后的反意疑问句用 do 的相应形式。如:
① You have to go, don't you?你必须去 不是吗 ② He has to stay in bed all day, doesn't he ?他必须呆在床上一整天 是吧
③ I had to keep it well, didn't I ?我不得不保管得很好 不是吗
但是在陈述句中用 have / has / had got to 来代替 have / has / had to 时,反意疑问句用 have 的相应形式。如:
① Ann has got to see a doctor, hasn't she ? 安去看医生了 是吗
② You haven't got to go to school on Sunday, have you ? 你周日还没有上学 是吗
6、陈述部分有 had better / would rather 时,其后的反意疑问句用 hadn't / wouldn't 。如:
① You'd better not stay here, had you? 你最好不要留在这里,是吗② They would rather take this one, wouldn't they ?他们宁愿拿这一条 是吗
四、陈述句主语是某些不定代词的反意疑问句:
1、陈述句部分主语是 everything, something, anything, nothing ,一切,一些,任何,没有 时,其后的反意疑问句主语用 it 。如:
① Everything seems all right, doesn't it ?一切似乎都好,是吗? ② Nothing is in the box, is it ?盒子里没有东西,是吧
2、陈述部分的主语是 everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, no one, none, either, some one ,每一个人 某人 任何人 每一个人 没有人 没有人 没有一个人,有人 时,其后的反意疑问句用主语 they 以兼顾所指代的男、女两性。如:
① Everybody has got the new books, haven't they ?每个人都得到了新书 是吗
② Anyone can do that, can't they ?任何人都可以做到这一点 是吗
③ No one is interested in that, are they ? 没有人感兴趣的是 是吗
3、陈述部分主语是不定代词 one 时,其后的反意疑问句一般用主语 one 。如:
One can't be always careful, can one ?一个不能总是小心 是吗