51 ．lie / lay
注意动词变化形式
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 中文意思
lie lay lain lying 躺下；位于
lie lied lied lying 说谎
lay laid laid laying 安放；下蛋
例259：The boy who lay on the table lied to me that the hen lying there laid two eggs that day
躺在桌面上的那男孩对我撒谎说，蹲在那里的母鸡当天下了两个蛋。
52 ．lie in / lie on / lie to
lie in：位于 属于，包含其中 。lie to：位于 不属于，隔开 。lie on：位于 接壤，比邻关系 。
例260：Fujian lies in the southeast of China to the west of Taiwan and on the east of Jiangxi 。福建位于中国东南部，台湾西部，江西东部
53 ．lose / miss
lose：丢失，失去；迷路。
例261：She lost her way in the mist 她在雾中迷路了
miss：丢失；不见；错过；遗漏；想念。
例262：When did you lose your purse ? 你什么时候丢了钱包？
I don’t know When I got home I found it missing . 不知道。我到家时，发现钱包不见了。
例263：It’s a very interesting film; you mustn’t miss it 这是一部很有趣的电影，千万别错过了。
54 ．prepare / prepare for / make preparations for / be prepared for
prepare：准备。prepare for / make preparations for =get ready for ：为……而准备。be prepared for =be ready for ：准备好做……。
例264：I am preparing my lessons 我在准备功课。此处未说明准备功课为了什么。
例265：I am preparing for the exam 我在为考试做准备。此处未说明准备什么。
本句相当于：I am making preparations for the exam .我在为考试做准备。
例266：I am preparing my lessons for the exam 我在为考试而准备功课。
例267：I am well prepared for the exam 这场考试我已做好充分准备。
55 ．protect / prevent
protect：保护。
例268：The villagers were planting trees to protect the crops from the strong wind .为保护庄稼免受强风侵害，村民在植树。
prevent：阻止。
例269：The villagers were planting trees to prevent the strong wind from harming the crops .村民们正在植树，以防大风对庄稼造成危害。
56 ．raise / lift / rise / arise
raise：举起 由下往上 ；提出；饲养。
例270：In order to make himself heard he raised his voice .为了让自己的声音能被听到，他提高了声音
例271：Many shops raised their prices during the Christmas period 。许多商店在圣诞节期间提高了价格
例272：The boy is not strong enough to raise the heavy box 。这个男孩不够强壮，不能举起那个沉重的箱子。
例273：I’ll raise the question at tomorrow’s meeting 我会在明天的会议上提出这个问题。
例274：Raising pigs is his full-time job 养猪是他的专职工作。
lift：提起 由上 。
例275：He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own foot 他搬石头砸自己的脚。
例276：She went shopping lifting a basket 她提着箩筐，购物去了。
rise：上升 相当于go up ；起身 相当于stand up ；起床 相当于get up 。
例277：Prices rise day by day 价格一天天上涨。
例278：Sales rose by twenty percent over the Christmas period .圣诞节期间销售额增长了百分之二十。
例279：The sun rises in the east .太阳从东方升起
例280：The old lady was too weak to rise .老太太太虚弱了，不能站起来。
例281：I was about to rise when another guest came in 我正要起身，这时又进来一位客人。
例282：Thomson rises at six every morning .汤姆森每天早上六点起床
arise是不及物动词，主要意义为“出现，产生”，常用于借喻。
例283：Some new difficulties have recently arisen in our work .最近在我们的工作中又出现了一些新困难。
例284：A strong wind arose and blew over our boat 一阵狂风吹起，刮翻了我们的小船。
57 ．receive / accept
receive：收到，获得；款待，遭受。
例285：Yesterday we received his e-mail telling us that he was well received by the native students while he was receiving further education in the States
昨天我们收到他的电子邮件，说他在美国进修期间，很受当地学生的欢迎。
accept：接受，答应。
例286：He didn’t accept the invitation he received yesterday .他没有接受昨天收到的邀请
例287：I cannot accept you as my assistant 我不能接收你为助手。