be known as； be known for； be known to； be known in
be known as 意为“作为……而著名”，其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。
Liu Huan is known as a singer 刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。
We’re sure you’ll be well-known as an artist 我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。
be known for 意为“因……而著名”，其后所接内容表示某人或物的特点、特长等。
Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers 桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。
Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day . 盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的流行音乐会而出名。
be known to “为……所了解／知道”，其后接表示人的词语。“ 人们都 知道”，其后接动词原形。
He is known to all in our village 村子里的人都了解他。
He was known to have invented many things . It was known that he had invented many things . 人们都知道他已经发明了很多东西。
be known in 意为“在某地很著名”。
He is well-known in the town where he was born 他在自己出生的那个镇子上很出名。
be made of／be made in／be made from／be made by／be made up of
be made of表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，只发生了形状变化，没有发生本质变化 属物理变化 。
be made in当后面接时间的数词或名词时，表示“某物何时制造的或何时产的”。当后面接指地点的名词时，表示“某地产某物”。
be made from表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，发生了质的变化，已无法复原 属化学变化 。
be made by表示“由……制做”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调动作的执行者。
be made up of表示“由……构成 组成 ”，强调主语由两部分或两个以上的部分构成或组成。
This bike was made in Tianjin . 这辆自行车是天津制造的。
This table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。
The car was made in nineteen ninety-nine .这辆车是一九九九年造的。
Paper is made from wood . 纸是木头做的。
The kite was made by my mother . 风筝是我母亲做的。
The team is made up of ten members . 这个小组由十名成员组成。
be used for／be used as／be used by
be used for表示“被用作……”或“被用来作……”，后面接名词或v－ing，其中for表示目的。
be used as表示“作为……而用”或“用作……”，后面接名词或动词不定式，强调使用的工具及手段。
be used by表示“由……使用”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调使用者。
A telephone is used for better communication 电话是用来更好地沟通的。
The motorbike is used by Liu Ming 这辆摩托车是刘明用的
A ruler is often used as a knife by him to cut a piece of paper open .尺子常被他用作刀来切开一张纸。
be pleased with; be pleased at 或about ;be pleased to
The manager was pleased with you before . 经理以前对你很满意。
My boss must be pleased to see you again in HongKong . 我的老板在香港再次见到你一定很高兴。
I am pleased at /about seeing so many students present. 我很高兴看到这么多学生出席。
I hear Mr Zhao is pleased at /about your article .听说赵先生对你的文章很满意。
was pleased with 表示“对……满意；喜欢……”后面通常接指人的名词或代词。
be pleased to 表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”，其中to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。
be pleased at 或about 表示“对 看到或听到的 事感到高兴，”后面接指事的名词或v－ing。
be to do something ；be about to do something ；be going to do something
be to do something 表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，后可跟时间状语。
You're to hand in your papers by ten o’clock 十点钟以前你得交上试卷。
be about to do something 表示打算或安排即将发生的动作，它通常不与时间状语连用。
I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door 我正要出去，这时有人敲门。
be going to do something 有三层含义：
①表示打算、计划或决定要做某事。
We're going to spend our holidays in Wales this year 今年我们打算到威尔士度假。
②用以表示某事物即将发生或很可能发生。
I'm going to be twenty next month 下个月我就二十岁了。
③有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态。
Look at those black clouds there is going to be a storm 瞧那些乌云，暴风雨就要来了。
beat; strike; hit
strike通常表示“打一下、打若干下”，不一定都是有意的；还有“打动、使……着迷、某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义；也可指“打、擦出 火 ， 蛇、兽 抓，咬，或 钟 敲响”。
hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，“敲打或打击对方的某一点”。
beat着重“连续地打击”。殴打或体罚；也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方；也指“心跳”。
He fell striking his head on the edge of the table.他摔倒了，头碰在桌棱上。
They shouldn’t be striking for more money 他们不该为了得到更多的钱而罢工。
A thought struck her. Was she jealous of her mother then? 她猛地冒出一个念头：那么难道她在嫉妒母亲吗？
She was struck by his simple . 她被他那率直迷住了。
She hit him on the head with her umbrella.她用雨伞打他的头。
He beat me at chess.他下棋赢了我。
I felt my heart beating faster. 我感觉我的心越跳越快。
When you beat the drum you feel good. 敲鼓的时候感觉很好。