glance; stare; glare
这组动词都与 看 有关。glance意为 匆匆一瞥 ,是不及物动词,其后必须接介词at over等才可以接宾语。
1 He glanced at his watch 他匆匆看了一下手表。
2 She glanced down the list of names 她由上而下匆匆地看了一下名单。
stare意为 凝视 ,它也是一个不及物动词,其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。
She stared at him in surprise 她惊讶地瞪着他看。
He was staring out to the sea 他凝目眺望大海。
glare意为 怒视;瞪眼 ,也是不及物动词,其后要接介词at后才能接宾语。
They stood glaring at each other 他们互相怒目而视地站着。
go on to do something ;go on doing something ;go on with something
这三个短语都有继续做某事的意思,但在含义上有所不同。
go on to do something 表示 接着做另一件事 ,即接下去做与原来不同的一件事;
go on doing something …表示 继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事 ;
go on with something 表示 间断后继续做原来没有做完的事 ,其后一般接代词作宾语。通常情况下,go on doing something 和go on with something 可互换。
After they had read the text,the students went on to do the exercises 读完课文后,学生们继续做练习。
The students went on talking and laughing all the way 一路上学生们一直有说有笑。
After a rest,we went on with our lesson =After a rest,we went on having our lesson
休息以后,我们继续上课。
habit practice custom convention这组名词一般含义为 习惯 。
habit指个人的 习惯 ,通常用于表示做事、思考问题或行为举止的不自觉的方式方法
That proved to be my undoing for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen
这证明是我的失败,因为我不久就回到在电视屏幕前打瞌睡的坏习惯去了。
practice 既可表示个人的也可表示社会的 习惯 ,这种 习惯 从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法
On the other hand your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat——the normally accepted practice in many northern countries
在另一方面,一想到用动物油煎马铃薯,你便会作呕。然而在许多北欧国家里,这是为大家接受的通常习惯。
She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet following her general practice she had shut them before going out
她慢慢地走进厅堂,并且立刻发现所有的房门都是开着的。但是按照她自己的一般习惯,她在外出前总是把门全部关好的。
custom 具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含义,此外,custom 还包含这样一层意思:长期而广泛采用的行为或方法,即风俗习惯,按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范,它不仅有指导意义,而且具有必须遵循的意义
Don't be a slave to custom 不要做风俗习惯的奴隶。
From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour
一个人从诞生的那一时刻起,他降生后所处的风俗习惯便给他的阅历和行为定型。
convention 其实是其他3个词的近义词,它的含义为:固定的或公众一致承认的行事或表达思想的方法
They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary
他们不顾社会习俗,并未意识到自己在做些与众不同的事。
hand down;hand in;hand over;hand out ; by hand ;hands up
hand down作 把……传下来 解。
…knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race
……他们的知识,生活习惯以及人们所怀念的事情,都是由他们的祖先传下来的。
The story was handed down from one generation to another 这个故事世代相传。
hand in为 把……交上来 、 交给 、 递交 之意。
Time is up Hand in your examination papers 时间到了,请把试卷交上来。
hand over作 转交 或 移送 解。
Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou 请将这笔钱转交小周。
The thief was handed over to the police 小偷已被移送到公安机关了。
hand out为 散发 之意。
When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers
我赶到教室时,老师已开始分发试卷了。
hands up表示 举起手来 ;
by hand表示 用手 、 手工 ,是介词短语,作方式状语。
This toy was made by hand .这个玩具是手工制作的
After class, you must hand in,your homework .下课后,你必须交作业
If you have any questions to ask,please hands up .如果你有任何问题要问,请举手,
have somebody do something ;have somebody /something doing something ;have something done
have somebody do something 为 使 让、请 某人做某事 之意,其中作宾补的不带to的不定式只表示发生过某事。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father . 士兵们让男孩背对着父亲站着。
have somebody /something doing something .为 让某人 某事 一直做某事 之意,其中作宾补的现在分词表示保持或一直存在的状态。
The two cheats had their lights burning all night long . 两个骗子让灯整夜地亮着。
Although the farm is large,my dad has only two men working for him .
虽然农场大,但我爸爸只雇了两人为他 一直 干活。
have something done 有两层含义和用法:
其一,作 有意地 让他人为自己做某事 解,即过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成,而宾语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者或动作对象。
I’ll have a new suit made of this cloth 我要用这种布料做一套新衣服。
作 无意识地 让某人 或某物 遭受不幸 解。
He had his handbag stolen 他的手提包被人偷了。